Cargando…
Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency
Sphecophaga vesparum often parasitizes nests of vespid wasps such as Vespula vulgaris and Vespula germanica. Inside the colonies, the ectoparasitic larvae feed on the immature forms of the wasps. There are two adult forms of S. vesparum. The large, winged adults emerge from either rigid yellow cocoo...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290573/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32353966 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11050268 |
_version_ | 1783545708816629760 |
---|---|
author | Oi, Cintia Akemi Brown, Robert L. Stevens, Ian Wenseleers, Tom |
author_facet | Oi, Cintia Akemi Brown, Robert L. Stevens, Ian Wenseleers, Tom |
author_sort | Oi, Cintia Akemi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Sphecophaga vesparum often parasitizes nests of vespid wasps such as Vespula vulgaris and Vespula germanica. Inside the colonies, the ectoparasitic larvae feed on the immature forms of the wasps. There are two adult forms of S. vesparum. The large, winged adults emerge from either rigid yellow cocoons or the orange cocoons used for overwintering. The small, brachypterous females emerge from soft, white cocoons. The species is facultative deuterotokous, producing mostly parthenogenic females and infrequently producing males. Here, we describe the production of chemical compounds related to the different developmental forms of the parasitoid S. vesparum (larvae, pupae and adults). We also compare the chemical profiles of the parasitoid wasp adults to those of their two main host species, Vespula vulgaris and Vespula germanica. The results show differences in hydrocarbon composition of larvae, pupae and adults of S. vesparum. Our results also suggest a partial mimicry of each of the two host species, mostly relating to linear alkanes present in both parasitoids and the host vespid wasp species. This matching is likely due to the recycling of the prey’s hydrocarbons, as has been found in other species of parasitoids. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7290573 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72905732020-06-17 Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency Oi, Cintia Akemi Brown, Robert L. Stevens, Ian Wenseleers, Tom Insects Article Sphecophaga vesparum often parasitizes nests of vespid wasps such as Vespula vulgaris and Vespula germanica. Inside the colonies, the ectoparasitic larvae feed on the immature forms of the wasps. There are two adult forms of S. vesparum. The large, winged adults emerge from either rigid yellow cocoons or the orange cocoons used for overwintering. The small, brachypterous females emerge from soft, white cocoons. The species is facultative deuterotokous, producing mostly parthenogenic females and infrequently producing males. Here, we describe the production of chemical compounds related to the different developmental forms of the parasitoid S. vesparum (larvae, pupae and adults). We also compare the chemical profiles of the parasitoid wasp adults to those of their two main host species, Vespula vulgaris and Vespula germanica. The results show differences in hydrocarbon composition of larvae, pupae and adults of S. vesparum. Our results also suggest a partial mimicry of each of the two host species, mostly relating to linear alkanes present in both parasitoids and the host vespid wasp species. This matching is likely due to the recycling of the prey’s hydrocarbons, as has been found in other species of parasitoids. MDPI 2020-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7290573/ /pubmed/32353966 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11050268 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Oi, Cintia Akemi Brown, Robert L. Stevens, Ian Wenseleers, Tom Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency |
title | Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency |
title_full | Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency |
title_fullStr | Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency |
title_full_unstemmed | Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency |
title_short | Hydrocarbon Signatures of the Ectoparasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum Shows Wasp Host Dependency |
title_sort | hydrocarbon signatures of the ectoparasitoid sphecophaga vesparum shows wasp host dependency |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290573/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32353966 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11050268 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT oicintiaakemi hydrocarbonsignaturesoftheectoparasitoidsphecophagavesparumshowswasphostdependency AT brownrobertl hydrocarbonsignaturesoftheectoparasitoidsphecophagavesparumshowswasphostdependency AT stevensian hydrocarbonsignaturesoftheectoparasitoidsphecophagavesparumshowswasphostdependency AT wenseleerstom hydrocarbonsignaturesoftheectoparasitoidsphecophagavesparumshowswasphostdependency |