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Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The function of these cells in vivo depends largely on their immunomodulatory ability, which is reciprocally regulated by immune cells via cytokines, particularly interferon (IF...

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Autores principales: Behm, Christian, Blufstein, Alice, Gahn, Johannes, Nemec, Michael, Moritz, Andreas, Rausch-Fan, Xiaohui, Andrukhov, Oleh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32423044
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9051222
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author Behm, Christian
Blufstein, Alice
Gahn, Johannes
Nemec, Michael
Moritz, Andreas
Rausch-Fan, Xiaohui
Andrukhov, Oleh
author_facet Behm, Christian
Blufstein, Alice
Gahn, Johannes
Nemec, Michael
Moritz, Andreas
Rausch-Fan, Xiaohui
Andrukhov, Oleh
author_sort Behm, Christian
collection PubMed
description Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The function of these cells in vivo depends largely on their immunomodulatory ability, which is reciprocally regulated by immune cells via cytokines, particularly interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β. Different cytokines activate distinct signaling pathways and might differently affect immunomodulatory activities of hPDLSCs. This study directly compared the effect of IFN-γ, TNF-α, or IL-1β treated primary hPDLSCs on allogenic CD4(+) T lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis in an indirect co-culture model. The effects of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β on the expression of specific immunomodulatory factors such as intoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and ligand 2 (PD-L2) in hPDLSCs were compared. The contribution of different immunomodulatory mediators to the immunomodulatory effects of hPDLSCs in the indirect co-culture experiments was assessed using specific inhibitors. Proliferation of CD4(+) T lymphocytes was inhibited by hPDLSCs, and this effect was strongly enhanced by IFN-γ and IL-1β but not by TNF-α. Apoptosis of CD4(+) T lymphocytes was decreased by hPDLSCs per se. This effect was counteracted by IFN-γ or IL-1β. Additionally, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β differently regulated all investigated immunomediators in hPDLSCs. Pharmacological inhibition of immunomediators showed that their contribution in regulating CD4(+) T lymphocytes depends on the cytokine milieu. Our data indicate that inflammatory cytokines activate specific immunomodulatory mechanisms in hPDLSCs and the expression of particular immunomodulatory factors, which underlies a complex reciprocal interaction between hPDLSCs and CD4(+) T lymphocytes.
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spelling pubmed-72909312020-06-17 Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament Behm, Christian Blufstein, Alice Gahn, Johannes Nemec, Michael Moritz, Andreas Rausch-Fan, Xiaohui Andrukhov, Oleh Cells Article Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue homeostasis and regeneration. The function of these cells in vivo depends largely on their immunomodulatory ability, which is reciprocally regulated by immune cells via cytokines, particularly interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β. Different cytokines activate distinct signaling pathways and might differently affect immunomodulatory activities of hPDLSCs. This study directly compared the effect of IFN-γ, TNF-α, or IL-1β treated primary hPDLSCs on allogenic CD4(+) T lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis in an indirect co-culture model. The effects of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β on the expression of specific immunomodulatory factors such as intoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and ligand 2 (PD-L2) in hPDLSCs were compared. The contribution of different immunomodulatory mediators to the immunomodulatory effects of hPDLSCs in the indirect co-culture experiments was assessed using specific inhibitors. Proliferation of CD4(+) T lymphocytes was inhibited by hPDLSCs, and this effect was strongly enhanced by IFN-γ and IL-1β but not by TNF-α. Apoptosis of CD4(+) T lymphocytes was decreased by hPDLSCs per se. This effect was counteracted by IFN-γ or IL-1β. Additionally, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β differently regulated all investigated immunomediators in hPDLSCs. Pharmacological inhibition of immunomediators showed that their contribution in regulating CD4(+) T lymphocytes depends on the cytokine milieu. Our data indicate that inflammatory cytokines activate specific immunomodulatory mechanisms in hPDLSCs and the expression of particular immunomodulatory factors, which underlies a complex reciprocal interaction between hPDLSCs and CD4(+) T lymphocytes. MDPI 2020-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7290931/ /pubmed/32423044 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9051222 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Behm, Christian
Blufstein, Alice
Gahn, Johannes
Nemec, Michael
Moritz, Andreas
Rausch-Fan, Xiaohui
Andrukhov, Oleh
Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament
title Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament
title_full Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament
title_fullStr Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament
title_full_unstemmed Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament
title_short Cytokines Differently Define the Immunomodulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament
title_sort cytokines differently define the immunomodulation of mesenchymal stem cells from the periodontal ligament
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32423044
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9051222
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