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Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in a myriad of activities. To safeguard their vital functions, mitochondrial quality control (MQC) systems are in place to support organelle plasticity as well as physical and functional connections with other cellular compartments. In particular, m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32408624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051440 |
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author | Picca, Anna Guerra, Flora Calvani, Riccardo Coelho-Junior, Hélio José Bossola, Maurizio Landi, Francesco Bernabei, Roberto Bucci, Cecilia Marzetti, Emanuele |
author_facet | Picca, Anna Guerra, Flora Calvani, Riccardo Coelho-Junior, Hélio José Bossola, Maurizio Landi, Francesco Bernabei, Roberto Bucci, Cecilia Marzetti, Emanuele |
author_sort | Picca, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in a myriad of activities. To safeguard their vital functions, mitochondrial quality control (MQC) systems are in place to support organelle plasticity as well as physical and functional connections with other cellular compartments. In particular, mitochondrial interactions with the endosomal compartment support the shuttle of ions and metabolites across organelles, while those with lysosomes ensure the recycling of obsolete materials. The extrusion of mitochondrial components via the generation and release of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) has recently been described. MDV trafficking is now included among MQC pathways, possibly operating via mitochondrial–lysosomal contacts. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is acknowledged as a hallmark of aging and a major pathogenic factor of multiple age-associated conditions, the analysis of MDVs and, more generally, of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is recognized as a valuable research tool. The dissection of EV trafficking may help unravel new pathophysiological pathways of aging and diseases as well as novel biomarkers to be used in research and clinical settings. Here, we discuss (1) MQC pathways with a focus on mitophagy and MDV generation; (2) changes of MQC pathways during aging and their contribution to inflamm-aging and progeroid conditions; and (3) the relevance of MQC failure to several disorders, including neurodegenerative conditions (i.e., Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease) and cardiovascular disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7290979 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-72909792020-06-17 Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease Picca, Anna Guerra, Flora Calvani, Riccardo Coelho-Junior, Hélio José Bossola, Maurizio Landi, Francesco Bernabei, Roberto Bucci, Cecilia Marzetti, Emanuele J Clin Med Review Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in a myriad of activities. To safeguard their vital functions, mitochondrial quality control (MQC) systems are in place to support organelle plasticity as well as physical and functional connections with other cellular compartments. In particular, mitochondrial interactions with the endosomal compartment support the shuttle of ions and metabolites across organelles, while those with lysosomes ensure the recycling of obsolete materials. The extrusion of mitochondrial components via the generation and release of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) has recently been described. MDV trafficking is now included among MQC pathways, possibly operating via mitochondrial–lysosomal contacts. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is acknowledged as a hallmark of aging and a major pathogenic factor of multiple age-associated conditions, the analysis of MDVs and, more generally, of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is recognized as a valuable research tool. The dissection of EV trafficking may help unravel new pathophysiological pathways of aging and diseases as well as novel biomarkers to be used in research and clinical settings. Here, we discuss (1) MQC pathways with a focus on mitophagy and MDV generation; (2) changes of MQC pathways during aging and their contribution to inflamm-aging and progeroid conditions; and (3) the relevance of MQC failure to several disorders, including neurodegenerative conditions (i.e., Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease) and cardiovascular disease. MDPI 2020-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7290979/ /pubmed/32408624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051440 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Picca, Anna Guerra, Flora Calvani, Riccardo Coelho-Junior, Hélio José Bossola, Maurizio Landi, Francesco Bernabei, Roberto Bucci, Cecilia Marzetti, Emanuele Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease |
title | Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease |
title_full | Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease |
title_fullStr | Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease |
title_short | Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease |
title_sort | generation and release of mitochondrial-derived vesicles in health, aging and disease |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7290979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32408624 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051440 |
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