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Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling

Viruses must hijack cellular translation machinery to express viral genes. In many cases, this is impeded by cellular stress responses. These stress responses result in the global inhibition of translation and the storage of stalled mRNAs, into RNA-protein aggregates called stress granules. This res...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brownsword, Matthew J., Doyle, Nicole, Brocard, Michèle, Locker, Nicolas, Maier, Helena J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7291021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32422883
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050536
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author Brownsword, Matthew J.
Doyle, Nicole
Brocard, Michèle
Locker, Nicolas
Maier, Helena J.
author_facet Brownsword, Matthew J.
Doyle, Nicole
Brocard, Michèle
Locker, Nicolas
Maier, Helena J.
author_sort Brownsword, Matthew J.
collection PubMed
description Viruses must hijack cellular translation machinery to express viral genes. In many cases, this is impeded by cellular stress responses. These stress responses result in the global inhibition of translation and the storage of stalled mRNAs, into RNA-protein aggregates called stress granules. This results in the translational silencing of the majority of mRNAs excluding those beneficial for the cell to resolve the specific stress. For example, the expression of antiviral factors is maintained during viral infection. Here we investigated stress granule regulation by Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which causes the economically important poultry disease, infectious bronchitis. Interestingly, we found that IBV is able to inhibit multiple cellular stress granule signaling pathways, whilst at the same time, IBV replication also results in the induction of seemingly canonical stress granules in a proportion of infected cells. Moreover, IBV infection uncouples translational repression and stress granule formation and both processes are independent of eIF2α phosphorylation. These results provide novel insights into how IBV modulates cellular translation and antiviral stress signaling.
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spelling pubmed-72910212020-06-17 Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling Brownsword, Matthew J. Doyle, Nicole Brocard, Michèle Locker, Nicolas Maier, Helena J. Viruses Article Viruses must hijack cellular translation machinery to express viral genes. In many cases, this is impeded by cellular stress responses. These stress responses result in the global inhibition of translation and the storage of stalled mRNAs, into RNA-protein aggregates called stress granules. This results in the translational silencing of the majority of mRNAs excluding those beneficial for the cell to resolve the specific stress. For example, the expression of antiviral factors is maintained during viral infection. Here we investigated stress granule regulation by Gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which causes the economically important poultry disease, infectious bronchitis. Interestingly, we found that IBV is able to inhibit multiple cellular stress granule signaling pathways, whilst at the same time, IBV replication also results in the induction of seemingly canonical stress granules in a proportion of infected cells. Moreover, IBV infection uncouples translational repression and stress granule formation and both processes are independent of eIF2α phosphorylation. These results provide novel insights into how IBV modulates cellular translation and antiviral stress signaling. MDPI 2020-05-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7291021/ /pubmed/32422883 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050536 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Brownsword, Matthew J.
Doyle, Nicole
Brocard, Michèle
Locker, Nicolas
Maier, Helena J.
Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling
title Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling
title_full Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling
title_fullStr Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling
title_full_unstemmed Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling
title_short Infectious Bronchitis Virus Regulates Cellular Stress Granule Signaling
title_sort infectious bronchitis virus regulates cellular stress granule signaling
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7291021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32422883
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12050536
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