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Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology

The term “spaces” refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is...

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Autores principales: Kostov, Stoyan, Slavchev, Stanislav, Dzhenkov, Deyan, Mitev, Dimitar, Yordanov, Angel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7291144/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32414119
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051460
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author Kostov, Stoyan
Slavchev, Stanislav
Dzhenkov, Deyan
Mitev, Dimitar
Yordanov, Angel
author_facet Kostov, Stoyan
Slavchev, Stanislav
Dzhenkov, Deyan
Mitev, Dimitar
Yordanov, Angel
author_sort Kostov, Stoyan
collection PubMed
description The term “spaces” refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is delimited by at least two fasciae. Moreover, new spaces and surgical planes have been developed after the adoption of laparoscopy and nerve-sparing gynecological procedures. Avascular spaces are useful anatomical landmarks in retroperitoneal anatomic and pelvic surgery for both malignant and benign conditions. A noteworthy fact is that for various gynecological diseases, there are different approaches to the avascular spaces of the female pelvis. This is a significant difference, which is best demonstrated by dissection of these spaces for gynecological, urogynecological, and oncogynecological operations. Thorough knowledge regarding pelvic anatomy of these spaces is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. In this article, we defined nine avascular female pelvic spaces—their boundaries, different approaches, attention during dissection, and applications in obstetrics and gynecology. We described the fourth space and separate the paravesical and pararectal space, as nerve-sparing gynecological procedures request a precise understanding of retroperitoneal spaces.
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spelling pubmed-72911442020-06-17 Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology Kostov, Stoyan Slavchev, Stanislav Dzhenkov, Deyan Mitev, Dimitar Yordanov, Angel J Clin Med Article The term “spaces” refers to the areas delimited by at least two independent fasciae and filled with areolar connective tissue. However, there is discrepancy regarding the spaces and their limits between clinical anatomy and gynecologic surgery, as not every avascular space described in literature is delimited by at least two fasciae. Moreover, new spaces and surgical planes have been developed after the adoption of laparoscopy and nerve-sparing gynecological procedures. Avascular spaces are useful anatomical landmarks in retroperitoneal anatomic and pelvic surgery for both malignant and benign conditions. A noteworthy fact is that for various gynecological diseases, there are different approaches to the avascular spaces of the female pelvis. This is a significant difference, which is best demonstrated by dissection of these spaces for gynecological, urogynecological, and oncogynecological operations. Thorough knowledge regarding pelvic anatomy of these spaces is vital to minimize morbidity and mortality. In this article, we defined nine avascular female pelvic spaces—their boundaries, different approaches, attention during dissection, and applications in obstetrics and gynecology. We described the fourth space and separate the paravesical and pararectal space, as nerve-sparing gynecological procedures request a precise understanding of retroperitoneal spaces. MDPI 2020-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC7291144/ /pubmed/32414119 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051460 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kostov, Stoyan
Slavchev, Stanislav
Dzhenkov, Deyan
Mitev, Dimitar
Yordanov, Angel
Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
title Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
title_full Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
title_fullStr Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
title_full_unstemmed Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
title_short Avascular Spaces of the Female Pelvis—Clinical Applications in Obstetrics and Gynecology
title_sort avascular spaces of the female pelvis—clinical applications in obstetrics and gynecology
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7291144/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32414119
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051460
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