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The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Celiac disease (CD) is possibly the most common autoimmune disorder, which may lead to dietary problems in the Arab region. This paper is aimed at exploring the epidemiology of the celiac disease in Arab countries, including its prevalence, associated risk factors, and clinical...

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Autores principales: El-Metwally, Ashraf, Toivola, Paivi, AlAhmary, Khalid, Bahkali, Salwa, AlKhathaami, Ali, AlSaqabi, Munira K., Al Ammar, Shatha A., Jawed, Munazza, Alosaimi, Saleh M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7292982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32596351
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6865917
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author El-Metwally, Ashraf
Toivola, Paivi
AlAhmary, Khalid
Bahkali, Salwa
AlKhathaami, Ali
AlSaqabi, Munira K.
Al Ammar, Shatha A.
Jawed, Munazza
Alosaimi, Saleh M.
author_facet El-Metwally, Ashraf
Toivola, Paivi
AlAhmary, Khalid
Bahkali, Salwa
AlKhathaami, Ali
AlSaqabi, Munira K.
Al Ammar, Shatha A.
Jawed, Munazza
Alosaimi, Saleh M.
author_sort El-Metwally, Ashraf
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Celiac disease (CD) is possibly the most common autoimmune disorder, which may lead to dietary problems in the Arab region. This paper is aimed at exploring the epidemiology of the celiac disease in Arab countries, including its prevalence, associated risk factors, and clinical patterns. METHODS: An extensive search of the literature was conducted from electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. In total, 134 research papers were retrieved. We extracted studies published from January 1996 to December 2019. Our search was limited to studies published in English. Findings. The review included 35 studies with 22,340 participants from 12 countries and demonstrated a wide variation in the prevalence of CD. The highest prevalence among the general population (3.2%) was reported in Saudi Arabia, and the lowest (0.1%) was reported in Tunisia. Women demonstrated a higher prevalence of celiac disease relative to men. The peak age at diagnosis fell between 1 and 3 years and 9-10 years. Most studies focused on type 1 diabetes. Children with type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalence of CD (range from 5.5% to 20%), while the prevalence of CD in Down's syndrome patients was 1.1% and 10.7% in UAE and Saudi Arabia, respectively. Other autoimmune diseases associated with CD are thyroid disease and irritable bowel disease. The most widely recognized clinical presentation was an inability to flourish and poor weight gain, followed by short stature, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, bloating, and chronic diarrhea. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of the celiac disease in Arab countries varies with sex and age. However, we found that celiac disease presented similar clinical characteristics independent of the geographic region. Longitudinal population-based studies are needed to better identify the true burden and determinants of celiac disease.
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spelling pubmed-72929822020-06-26 The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review El-Metwally, Ashraf Toivola, Paivi AlAhmary, Khalid Bahkali, Salwa AlKhathaami, Ali AlSaqabi, Munira K. Al Ammar, Shatha A. Jawed, Munazza Alosaimi, Saleh M. Biomed Res Int Review Article BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Celiac disease (CD) is possibly the most common autoimmune disorder, which may lead to dietary problems in the Arab region. This paper is aimed at exploring the epidemiology of the celiac disease in Arab countries, including its prevalence, associated risk factors, and clinical patterns. METHODS: An extensive search of the literature was conducted from electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. In total, 134 research papers were retrieved. We extracted studies published from January 1996 to December 2019. Our search was limited to studies published in English. Findings. The review included 35 studies with 22,340 participants from 12 countries and demonstrated a wide variation in the prevalence of CD. The highest prevalence among the general population (3.2%) was reported in Saudi Arabia, and the lowest (0.1%) was reported in Tunisia. Women demonstrated a higher prevalence of celiac disease relative to men. The peak age at diagnosis fell between 1 and 3 years and 9-10 years. Most studies focused on type 1 diabetes. Children with type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalence of CD (range from 5.5% to 20%), while the prevalence of CD in Down's syndrome patients was 1.1% and 10.7% in UAE and Saudi Arabia, respectively. Other autoimmune diseases associated with CD are thyroid disease and irritable bowel disease. The most widely recognized clinical presentation was an inability to flourish and poor weight gain, followed by short stature, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, bloating, and chronic diarrhea. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of the celiac disease in Arab countries varies with sex and age. However, we found that celiac disease presented similar clinical characteristics independent of the geographic region. Longitudinal population-based studies are needed to better identify the true burden and determinants of celiac disease. Hindawi 2020-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7292982/ /pubmed/32596351 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6865917 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ashraf El-Metwally et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
El-Metwally, Ashraf
Toivola, Paivi
AlAhmary, Khalid
Bahkali, Salwa
AlKhathaami, Ali
AlSaqabi, Munira K.
Al Ammar, Shatha A.
Jawed, Munazza
Alosaimi, Saleh M.
The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review
title The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review
title_full The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review
title_short The Epidemiology of Celiac Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Groups in Arab Countries: A Systematic Review
title_sort epidemiology of celiac disease in the general population and high-risk groups in arab countries: a systematic review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7292982/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32596351
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6865917
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