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Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site

Atmospheric CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]) has been substantially increasing. Responses of leaf photosynthesis to elevated [CO(2)] have been intensively investigated because leaf photosynthesis is one of the most important determinants of crop yield. The responses of photosynthesis to elevated [CO(2)...

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Autores principales: Ozaki, Hiroshi, Tokida, Takeshi, Nakamura, Hirofumi, Sakai, Hidemitsu, Hasegawa, Toshihiro, Noguchi, Ko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7296123/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32582271
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00786
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author Ozaki, Hiroshi
Tokida, Takeshi
Nakamura, Hirofumi
Sakai, Hidemitsu
Hasegawa, Toshihiro
Noguchi, Ko
author_facet Ozaki, Hiroshi
Tokida, Takeshi
Nakamura, Hirofumi
Sakai, Hidemitsu
Hasegawa, Toshihiro
Noguchi, Ko
author_sort Ozaki, Hiroshi
collection PubMed
description Atmospheric CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]) has been substantially increasing. Responses of leaf photosynthesis to elevated [CO(2)] have been intensively investigated because leaf photosynthesis is one of the most important determinants of crop yield. The responses of photosynthesis to elevated [CO(2)] can depend on nitrogen (N) availability. Here, we aimed to investigate the significance of the appropriate balance between two photosystems [photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII)] under various [CO(2)] and N levels, and thus to clarify if responses of photosynthetic electron transport rates (ETRs) of the two photosystems to elevated [CO(2)] are altered by N availability. Thus, we examined parameters of the two photosystems in mature leaves of rice plants grown under two [CO(2)] levels (ambient and 200 μmol mol(–1) above ambient) and three N fertilization levels at the Tsukuba free-air CO(2) enrichment experimental facility in Japan. Responses of ETR of PSII (ETRII) and ETR of PSI (ETRI) to [CO(2)] levels differed among N levels. When moderate levels of N were applied (MN), ETRI was higher under elevated [CO(2)], whereas at high levels of N were applied (HN), both ETRII and ETRI were lower under elevated [CO(2)] compared with ambient [CO(2)]. Under HN, the decreases in ETRII and ETRI under elevated [CO(2)] were due to increases in the non-photochemical quenching of PSII [Y(NPQ)] and the donor side limitation of PSI [Y(ND)], respectively. The relationship between the effective quantum yields of PSI [Y(I)] and PSII [Y(II)] changed under elevated [CO(2)] and low levels of N (LN). Under both conditions, the ratio of Y(I) to Y(II) was higher than under other conditions. The elevated [CO(2)] and low N changed the balance of the two photosystems. This change may be important because it can induce the cyclic electron flow around PSI, leading to induction of non-photochemical quenching to avoid photoinhibition.
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spelling pubmed-72961232020-06-23 Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site Ozaki, Hiroshi Tokida, Takeshi Nakamura, Hirofumi Sakai, Hidemitsu Hasegawa, Toshihiro Noguchi, Ko Front Plant Sci Plant Science Atmospheric CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]) has been substantially increasing. Responses of leaf photosynthesis to elevated [CO(2)] have been intensively investigated because leaf photosynthesis is one of the most important determinants of crop yield. The responses of photosynthesis to elevated [CO(2)] can depend on nitrogen (N) availability. Here, we aimed to investigate the significance of the appropriate balance between two photosystems [photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII)] under various [CO(2)] and N levels, and thus to clarify if responses of photosynthetic electron transport rates (ETRs) of the two photosystems to elevated [CO(2)] are altered by N availability. Thus, we examined parameters of the two photosystems in mature leaves of rice plants grown under two [CO(2)] levels (ambient and 200 μmol mol(–1) above ambient) and three N fertilization levels at the Tsukuba free-air CO(2) enrichment experimental facility in Japan. Responses of ETR of PSII (ETRII) and ETR of PSI (ETRI) to [CO(2)] levels differed among N levels. When moderate levels of N were applied (MN), ETRI was higher under elevated [CO(2)], whereas at high levels of N were applied (HN), both ETRII and ETRI were lower under elevated [CO(2)] compared with ambient [CO(2)]. Under HN, the decreases in ETRII and ETRI under elevated [CO(2)] were due to increases in the non-photochemical quenching of PSII [Y(NPQ)] and the donor side limitation of PSI [Y(ND)], respectively. The relationship between the effective quantum yields of PSI [Y(I)] and PSII [Y(II)] changed under elevated [CO(2)] and low levels of N (LN). Under both conditions, the ratio of Y(I) to Y(II) was higher than under other conditions. The elevated [CO(2)] and low N changed the balance of the two photosystems. This change may be important because it can induce the cyclic electron flow around PSI, leading to induction of non-photochemical quenching to avoid photoinhibition. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7296123/ /pubmed/32582271 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00786 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ozaki, Tokida, Nakamura, Sakai, Hasegawa and Noguchi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Ozaki, Hiroshi
Tokida, Takeshi
Nakamura, Hirofumi
Sakai, Hidemitsu
Hasegawa, Toshihiro
Noguchi, Ko
Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site
title Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site
title_full Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site
title_fullStr Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site
title_full_unstemmed Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site
title_short Atmospheric CO(2) Concentration and N Availability Affect the Balance of the Two Photosystems in Mature Leaves of Rice Plants Grown at a Free-Air CO(2) Enrichment Site
title_sort atmospheric co(2) concentration and n availability affect the balance of the two photosystems in mature leaves of rice plants grown at a free-air co(2) enrichment site
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7296123/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32582271
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00786
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