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Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging

Two ongoing movements in human cognitive neuroscience have researchers shifting focus from group-level inferences to characterizing single subjects, and complementing tightly controlled tasks with rich, dynamic paradigms such as movies and stories. Yet relatively little work combines these two, perh...

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Autores principales: Finn, Emily S., Glerean, Enrico, Khojandi, Arman Y., Nielson, Dylan, Molfese, Peter J., Handwerker, Daniel A., Bandettini, Peter A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7298885/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276065
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116828
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author Finn, Emily S.
Glerean, Enrico
Khojandi, Arman Y.
Nielson, Dylan
Molfese, Peter J.
Handwerker, Daniel A.
Bandettini, Peter A.
author_facet Finn, Emily S.
Glerean, Enrico
Khojandi, Arman Y.
Nielson, Dylan
Molfese, Peter J.
Handwerker, Daniel A.
Bandettini, Peter A.
author_sort Finn, Emily S.
collection PubMed
description Two ongoing movements in human cognitive neuroscience have researchers shifting focus from group-level inferences to characterizing single subjects, and complementing tightly controlled tasks with rich, dynamic paradigms such as movies and stories. Yet relatively little work combines these two, perhaps because traditional analysis approaches for naturalistic imaging data are geared toward detecting shared responses rather than between-subject variability. Here, we review recent work using naturalistic stimuli to study individual differences, and advance a framework for detecting structure in idiosyncratic patterns of brain activity, or “idiosynchrony”. Specifically, we outline the emerging technique of inter-subject representational similarity analysis (IS-RSA), including its theoretical motivation and an empirical demonstration of how it recovers brain-behavior relationships during movie watching using data from the Human Connectome Project. We also consider how stimulus choice may affect the individual signal and discuss areas for future research. We argue that naturalistic neuroimaging paradigms have the potential to reveal meaningful individual differences above and beyond those observed during traditional tasks or at rest.
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spelling pubmed-72988852021-07-15 Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging Finn, Emily S. Glerean, Enrico Khojandi, Arman Y. Nielson, Dylan Molfese, Peter J. Handwerker, Daniel A. Bandettini, Peter A. Neuroimage Article Two ongoing movements in human cognitive neuroscience have researchers shifting focus from group-level inferences to characterizing single subjects, and complementing tightly controlled tasks with rich, dynamic paradigms such as movies and stories. Yet relatively little work combines these two, perhaps because traditional analysis approaches for naturalistic imaging data are geared toward detecting shared responses rather than between-subject variability. Here, we review recent work using naturalistic stimuli to study individual differences, and advance a framework for detecting structure in idiosyncratic patterns of brain activity, or “idiosynchrony”. Specifically, we outline the emerging technique of inter-subject representational similarity analysis (IS-RSA), including its theoretical motivation and an empirical demonstration of how it recovers brain-behavior relationships during movie watching using data from the Human Connectome Project. We also consider how stimulus choice may affect the individual signal and discuss areas for future research. We argue that naturalistic neuroimaging paradigms have the potential to reveal meaningful individual differences above and beyond those observed during traditional tasks or at rest. 2020-04-07 2020-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7298885/ /pubmed/32276065 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116828 Text en This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Finn, Emily S.
Glerean, Enrico
Khojandi, Arman Y.
Nielson, Dylan
Molfese, Peter J.
Handwerker, Daniel A.
Bandettini, Peter A.
Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
title Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
title_full Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
title_fullStr Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
title_full_unstemmed Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
title_short Idiosynchrony: From shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
title_sort idiosynchrony: from shared responses to individual differences during naturalistic neuroimaging
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7298885/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276065
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116828
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