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Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Lung tissue is abundant with immune cells that form a powerful first defense against exotic particles and microbes. The malignant phenotype of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is defined not only by intrinsic tumor cells but also by tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) recruited to the immune microenvi...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7301220/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32596334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5858092 |
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author | Li, Yanyan Tao, Liping Cai, Weiyang |
author_facet | Li, Yanyan Tao, Liping Cai, Weiyang |
author_sort | Li, Yanyan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Lung tissue is abundant with immune cells that form a powerful first defense against exotic particles and microbes. The malignant phenotype of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is defined not only by intrinsic tumor cells but also by tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) recruited to the immune microenvironment. Understanding more about the immune microenvironment of LUAD could function in sorting out patients more likely with high risk and benefit from immunotherapy. Twenty-two types of TIICs were estimated based on large public LUAD cohorts from the TCGA and GEO datasets using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Then principal component analysis (PCA), meta-analysis, and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were used to measure and evaluate the specific immune responses and relative mechanisms. Moreover, an immunoscore model based on the percent of immune cells was constructed via the univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, which provided an in-depth overview of the LUAD immune microenvironment and shed light on the immune regulatory mechanism. The differential expression genes (DEGs) were acquired based on the immunoscore model, and prognostic immune-related genes were further identified. GSEA and the protein–protein interaction network (PPI) further revealed that these genes were mostly enriched in many immune-related biological processes. It is hoped that this immune landscape could provide a more accurate understanding for LUAD development and tumor immune therapy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7301220 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73012202020-06-26 Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma Li, Yanyan Tao, Liping Cai, Weiyang Biomed Res Int Research Article Lung tissue is abundant with immune cells that form a powerful first defense against exotic particles and microbes. The malignant phenotype of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is defined not only by intrinsic tumor cells but also by tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) recruited to the immune microenvironment. Understanding more about the immune microenvironment of LUAD could function in sorting out patients more likely with high risk and benefit from immunotherapy. Twenty-two types of TIICs were estimated based on large public LUAD cohorts from the TCGA and GEO datasets using the CIBERSORT algorithm. Then principal component analysis (PCA), meta-analysis, and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were used to measure and evaluate the specific immune responses and relative mechanisms. Moreover, an immunoscore model based on the percent of immune cells was constructed via the univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, which provided an in-depth overview of the LUAD immune microenvironment and shed light on the immune regulatory mechanism. The differential expression genes (DEGs) were acquired based on the immunoscore model, and prognostic immune-related genes were further identified. GSEA and the protein–protein interaction network (PPI) further revealed that these genes were mostly enriched in many immune-related biological processes. It is hoped that this immune landscape could provide a more accurate understanding for LUAD development and tumor immune therapy. Hindawi 2020-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7301220/ /pubmed/32596334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5858092 Text en Copyright © 2020 Yanyan Li et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Li, Yanyan Tao, Liping Cai, Weiyang Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma |
title | Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma |
title_full | Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma |
title_fullStr | Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma |
title_short | Profiles of Immune Infiltration and Prognostic Immunoscore in Lung Adenocarcinoma |
title_sort | profiles of immune infiltration and prognostic immunoscore in lung adenocarcinoma |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7301220/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32596334 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5858092 |
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