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Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015
BACKGROUND: Rapid population growth, urbanisation, and economic development have led to an unprecedented number of waste sites in developing countries. This challenge has become a contentious international relations issue, with an unsustainable amount of waste and its health consequences often being...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier B.V
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7302423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32559439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30101-7 |
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author | Tomita, Andrew Cuadros, Diego F Burns, Jonathan K Tanser, Frank Slotow, Rob |
author_facet | Tomita, Andrew Cuadros, Diego F Burns, Jonathan K Tanser, Frank Slotow, Rob |
author_sort | Tomita, Andrew |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Rapid population growth, urbanisation, and economic development have led to an unprecedented number of waste sites in developing countries. This challenge has become a contentious international relations issue, with an unsustainable amount of waste and its health consequences often being borne by developing countries. However, little national-level evidence is available in sub-Saharan Africa to quantify the association between exposure to waste sites and health. METHODS: We used panel data from the South African National Income Dynamics Study (SA-NIDS) to investigate the association between exposure to waste sites and asthma, tuberculosis, diabetes, and depression. The SA-NIDS is a panel survey of a nationally representative sample in South Africa, which includes data reporting the health status of 32 255 individuals between 2008 and 2015. The study exposure was distance of households, in km, to the nearest waste site, derived from waste site geospatial locations from the South Africa Waste Information System. FINDINGS: We observed a substantial increase in exposure of households to waste sites between 2008 and 2015. The median distance between study households and waste sites decreased from 68·3 km (IQR 31·1–111·7) to 8·5 km (3·0–23·7). Residing within 5 km of a waste site was significantly associated with asthma (adjusted relative risk 1·41; 95% CI 1·20–1·64), tuberculosis (1·18; 1·02–1·36), diabetes (1·25; 1·05–1·49), and depression (1·08; 1·03–1·14). The association persisted even after controlling for multiple socioeconomic factors. INTERPRETATION: We identified multiple adverse health outcomes in individuals living close to waste sites at a national level in South Africa, suggesting the need to reduce the number and size of waste sites to diminish harmful effects on health and wellbeing for communities living in close proximity to such sites. FUNDING: South African Medical Research Council, South African National Treasury, and Wellcome Trust. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7302423 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Elsevier B.V |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73024232020-06-22 Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 Tomita, Andrew Cuadros, Diego F Burns, Jonathan K Tanser, Frank Slotow, Rob Lancet Planet Health Article BACKGROUND: Rapid population growth, urbanisation, and economic development have led to an unprecedented number of waste sites in developing countries. This challenge has become a contentious international relations issue, with an unsustainable amount of waste and its health consequences often being borne by developing countries. However, little national-level evidence is available in sub-Saharan Africa to quantify the association between exposure to waste sites and health. METHODS: We used panel data from the South African National Income Dynamics Study (SA-NIDS) to investigate the association between exposure to waste sites and asthma, tuberculosis, diabetes, and depression. The SA-NIDS is a panel survey of a nationally representative sample in South Africa, which includes data reporting the health status of 32 255 individuals between 2008 and 2015. The study exposure was distance of households, in km, to the nearest waste site, derived from waste site geospatial locations from the South Africa Waste Information System. FINDINGS: We observed a substantial increase in exposure of households to waste sites between 2008 and 2015. The median distance between study households and waste sites decreased from 68·3 km (IQR 31·1–111·7) to 8·5 km (3·0–23·7). Residing within 5 km of a waste site was significantly associated with asthma (adjusted relative risk 1·41; 95% CI 1·20–1·64), tuberculosis (1·18; 1·02–1·36), diabetes (1·25; 1·05–1·49), and depression (1·08; 1·03–1·14). The association persisted even after controlling for multiple socioeconomic factors. INTERPRETATION: We identified multiple adverse health outcomes in individuals living close to waste sites at a national level in South Africa, suggesting the need to reduce the number and size of waste sites to diminish harmful effects on health and wellbeing for communities living in close proximity to such sites. FUNDING: South African Medical Research Council, South African National Treasury, and Wellcome Trust. Elsevier B.V 2020-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7302423/ /pubmed/32559439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30101-7 Text en © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tomita, Andrew Cuadros, Diego F Burns, Jonathan K Tanser, Frank Slotow, Rob Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 |
title | Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 |
title_full | Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 |
title_fullStr | Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 |
title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 |
title_short | Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008–2015 |
title_sort | exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from south africa, 2008–2015 |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7302423/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32559439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30101-7 |
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