Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy is effective treatment for colorectal cancer in orthotopic nude-mouse models

BACKGROUND: Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) employs the use of a near-infrared (NIR) laser to activate an antibody conjugated to a NIR-activatable dye to induce cancer cell death. PIT has shown to be effective in a number of studies, however, there are no data on its use in colorectal cancer in an orthotopic model. METHODS: Humanized anti-CEA antibody (M5A) was conjugated to NIR-activatable IRDye700DX (M5A-700). PIT was validated in vitro with a colon cancer cell-line, using a laser intensity of either 4 J/cm(2), 8 J/cm(2), or 16 J/cm(2). Orthotopic colon cancer mouse models were established by surgical implantation of LS174T tumor fragments onto the cecum. M5A-700 was administered and PIT was performed 24 hours later using a 690 nm laser. Repeat PIT was performed after 7 days in one group. Control mice received laser treatment only. RESULTS: In vitro PIT demonstrated tumor cell death in a laser intensity dose-dependent fashion. In orthotopic models, control mice demonstrated persistent tumor growth. Mice that underwent PIT one time had tumor growth arrested for one week, after which re-growth occurred. The group that received repeated PIT exposure had persistent inhibition of tumor growth. CONCLUSION: PIT arrests tumor growth in colon cancer orthotopic nude-mouse models. Repeated PIT arrests colon cancer growth for a longer period of time. PIT may be a useful therapy in the future as an adjunct to surgical resection or as primary therapy to suppress tumor progression.