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Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in short and long-term disability neurodegeneration. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents up to 85% of head injuries; diagnosis and early management is based on computed tomography (CT) or in-hospital observation, which are time- and cost- intensive. CT...

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Autores principales: Janigro, Damir, Kawata, Keisuke, Silverman, Erika, Marchi, Nicola, Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7303321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32595592
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00528
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author Janigro, Damir
Kawata, Keisuke
Silverman, Erika
Marchi, Nicola
Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon
author_facet Janigro, Damir
Kawata, Keisuke
Silverman, Erika
Marchi, Nicola
Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon
author_sort Janigro, Damir
collection PubMed
description Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in short and long-term disability neurodegeneration. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents up to 85% of head injuries; diagnosis and early management is based on computed tomography (CT) or in-hospital observation, which are time- and cost- intensive. CT involves exposure to potentially harmful ionizing radiation and >90% of the scans are negative. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage is suspected pathological event post-TBI contributing to long-term sequelae and a reliable and rapid point-of-care test to screen those who can safely forego acute head CT would be of great help in evaluating patients with an acute mTBI. In this pilot study, 15 adult patients with suspected TBI (mean age = 47 years, range 18–79) and 15 control subjects (mean age = 33 years, range 23–53) were enrolled. We found that the average salivary S100B level was 3.9 fold higher than blood S100B, regardless of the presence of pathology. [S100B](saliva) positively correlated with [S100B](serum) (Pearson' coefficient = 0.79; p < 0.01). Salivary S100B levels were as effective in differentiating TBI patients from control subjects as serum levels (Control vs. TBI: p < 0.01; Serum ROC(AUC) = 0.94 and Saliva ROC(AUC) = 0.75). I These initial results suggest that measuring salivary S100B could represent an alternative to serum S100B in the diagnosis of TBI. Larger and confirmatory trials are needed to define salivary biomarker kinetics in relation to TBI severity and the possible roles of gender, ethnicity and age in influencing salivary S100B levels.
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spelling pubmed-73033212020-06-26 Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study Janigro, Damir Kawata, Keisuke Silverman, Erika Marchi, Nicola Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon Front Neurol Neurology Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in short and long-term disability neurodegeneration. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents up to 85% of head injuries; diagnosis and early management is based on computed tomography (CT) or in-hospital observation, which are time- and cost- intensive. CT involves exposure to potentially harmful ionizing radiation and >90% of the scans are negative. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage is suspected pathological event post-TBI contributing to long-term sequelae and a reliable and rapid point-of-care test to screen those who can safely forego acute head CT would be of great help in evaluating patients with an acute mTBI. In this pilot study, 15 adult patients with suspected TBI (mean age = 47 years, range 18–79) and 15 control subjects (mean age = 33 years, range 23–53) were enrolled. We found that the average salivary S100B level was 3.9 fold higher than blood S100B, regardless of the presence of pathology. [S100B](saliva) positively correlated with [S100B](serum) (Pearson' coefficient = 0.79; p < 0.01). Salivary S100B levels were as effective in differentiating TBI patients from control subjects as serum levels (Control vs. TBI: p < 0.01; Serum ROC(AUC) = 0.94 and Saliva ROC(AUC) = 0.75). I These initial results suggest that measuring salivary S100B could represent an alternative to serum S100B in the diagnosis of TBI. Larger and confirmatory trials are needed to define salivary biomarker kinetics in relation to TBI severity and the possible roles of gender, ethnicity and age in influencing salivary S100B levels. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7303321/ /pubmed/32595592 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00528 Text en Copyright © 2020 Janigro, Kawata, Silverman, Marchi and Diaz-Arrastia. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neurology
Janigro, Damir
Kawata, Keisuke
Silverman, Erika
Marchi, Nicola
Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon
Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study
title Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study
title_full Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study
title_fullStr Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study
title_full_unstemmed Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study
title_short Is Salivary S100B a Biomarker of Traumatic Brain Injury? A Pilot Study
title_sort is salivary s100b a biomarker of traumatic brain injury? a pilot study
topic Neurology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7303321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32595592
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00528
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