Magnetic field assisted high capacity durable Li-ion battery using magnetic α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles decorated expired drug derived N-doped carbon anode

We have synthesized a novel ferromagnetic material by coating α-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles with N-doped carbon matrix using a simple combustion method. Expired paracetamol drugs are used as nitrogen and carbon source. This α-Fe(2)O(3)/NC shows ferromagnetic property due to the incorporation of oxygen defects. When used as the Li-ion battery anode, α-Fe(2)O(3)/NC shows higher capacity compared to commercial α-Fe(2)O(3) due to the occurrence of both intercalation and conversion reaction. Further, application of magnetic field at the anode of the freshly assembled cell at the first charge-discharge cycle, results in ~two-fold enhancement in specific capacity. For the cycled cell also, increase in the capacity from 80 mAh. g(−1) to 150 mAh. g(−1) at 5 A. g(−1) is observed during the application of magnetic field at the 501(st) charging cycle. This improved performance is attributed to the field-dependent enhancement of diffusion and convection due to the magnetohydrodynamic effect. Further, application of the magnetic field at 1001(st), 1501(st) and 1751(st) charging cycles shows improved LIB performance. We can show that not only the magnetic field, magnetic properties of the anode α-Fe(2)O(3)/NC also play a crucial role in influencing the battery performance. Moreover, utilization of expired drug helps in dramatically reducing pollution caused by its disposal.