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Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract resulting from the homeostasis imbalance of intestinal microenvironment, immune dysfunction, environmental and genetic factors, and so on. This disease is associated with multiple immune cells including...

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Autores principales: Ding, Xueyan, Bin, Peng, Wu, Wenwen, Chang, Yajie, Zhu, Guoqiang
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7306093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32617076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9706140
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author Ding, Xueyan
Bin, Peng
Wu, Wenwen
Chang, Yajie
Zhu, Guoqiang
author_facet Ding, Xueyan
Bin, Peng
Wu, Wenwen
Chang, Yajie
Zhu, Guoqiang
author_sort Ding, Xueyan
collection PubMed
description Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract resulting from the homeostasis imbalance of intestinal microenvironment, immune dysfunction, environmental and genetic factors, and so on. This disease is associated with multiple immune cells including regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are a subset of T cells regulating the function of various immune cells to induce immune tolerance and maintain intestinal immune homeostasis. Tregs are correlated with the initiation and progression of IBD; therefore, strategies that affect the differentiation and function of Tregs may be promising for the prevention of IBD-associated pathology. It is worth noting that tryptophan (Trp) metabolism is effective in inducing the differentiation of Tregs through microbiota-mediated degradation and kynurenine pathway (KP), which is important for maintaining the function of Tregs. Interestingly, patients with IBD show Trp metabolism disorder in the pathological process, including changes in the concentrations of Trp and its metabolites and alteration in the activities of related catalytic enzymes. Thus, manipulation of Treg differentiation through Trp metabolism may provide a potential target for prevention of IBD. The purpose of this review is to highlight the relationship between Trp metabolism and Treg differentiation and the role of this interaction in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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spelling pubmed-73060932020-07-01 Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review Ding, Xueyan Bin, Peng Wu, Wenwen Chang, Yajie Zhu, Guoqiang Mediators Inflamm Review Article Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract resulting from the homeostasis imbalance of intestinal microenvironment, immune dysfunction, environmental and genetic factors, and so on. This disease is associated with multiple immune cells including regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are a subset of T cells regulating the function of various immune cells to induce immune tolerance and maintain intestinal immune homeostasis. Tregs are correlated with the initiation and progression of IBD; therefore, strategies that affect the differentiation and function of Tregs may be promising for the prevention of IBD-associated pathology. It is worth noting that tryptophan (Trp) metabolism is effective in inducing the differentiation of Tregs through microbiota-mediated degradation and kynurenine pathway (KP), which is important for maintaining the function of Tregs. Interestingly, patients with IBD show Trp metabolism disorder in the pathological process, including changes in the concentrations of Trp and its metabolites and alteration in the activities of related catalytic enzymes. Thus, manipulation of Treg differentiation through Trp metabolism may provide a potential target for prevention of IBD. The purpose of this review is to highlight the relationship between Trp metabolism and Treg differentiation and the role of this interaction in the pathogenesis of IBD. Hindawi 2020-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC7306093/ /pubmed/32617076 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9706140 Text en Copyright © 2020 Xueyan Ding et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Ding, Xueyan
Bin, Peng
Wu, Wenwen
Chang, Yajie
Zhu, Guoqiang
Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review
title Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review
title_full Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review
title_fullStr Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review
title_full_unstemmed Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review
title_short Tryptophan Metabolism, Regulatory T Cells, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Mini Review
title_sort tryptophan metabolism, regulatory t cells, and inflammatory bowel disease: a mini review
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7306093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32617076
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9706140
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