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Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny

Many fields of modern systematic biology are adult-centred. This is unfortunately also the case for Cymothoidae, an ingroup of parasitic forms of Isopoda, with fishes as hosts. Different ingroups of Cymothoidae have specialised appendages that enable their fish associated lifestyles, attaching to di...

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Autores principales: van der Wal, Serita, Haug, Joachim T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7306222/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32596034
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9181
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author van der Wal, Serita
Haug, Joachim T.
author_facet van der Wal, Serita
Haug, Joachim T.
author_sort van der Wal, Serita
collection PubMed
description Many fields of modern systematic biology are adult-centred. This is unfortunately also the case for Cymothoidae, an ingroup of parasitic forms of Isopoda, with fishes as hosts. Different ingroups of Cymothoidae have specialised appendages that enable their fish associated lifestyles, attaching to different sites on the body of the host. The extent to which these structures vary among species and in relation different sites of attachment, and between different ontogenetic stages, is explored here. This study presents the detailed descriptions, illustrations, comparisons, and analysis of a variety of attachment structures of 13 adult and immature specimens representing three major groups Ceratothoa, Elthusa and Anilocra, along with full focus, detailed photographs of all the examined life stages. The three groups exhibit different strategies attaching to mouth, gill and externally, respectively. A statistical representation of the morphology of the dactyli, used for attaching to the host, was performed. This included a critical comparison of 10 additional species documented in literature. This is the first comprehensive description and photographs of specialised appendage morphology of immatures of Ceratothoa, as well as the first detailed micrographs of embryonic stages of Cymothoidae, and the first lateral and ventral views of immature stages of the examined species. Immature specimens possess morphological characters that can be used to distinguish between different species, but cannot be accurately identified based on diagnostic characters of adults. Quantitative analysis indicates that ontogeny plays a major role in the shape of the attachment structures (e.g. dactyli).
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spelling pubmed-73062222020-06-26 Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny van der Wal, Serita Haug, Joachim T. PeerJ Marine Biology Many fields of modern systematic biology are adult-centred. This is unfortunately also the case for Cymothoidae, an ingroup of parasitic forms of Isopoda, with fishes as hosts. Different ingroups of Cymothoidae have specialised appendages that enable their fish associated lifestyles, attaching to different sites on the body of the host. The extent to which these structures vary among species and in relation different sites of attachment, and between different ontogenetic stages, is explored here. This study presents the detailed descriptions, illustrations, comparisons, and analysis of a variety of attachment structures of 13 adult and immature specimens representing three major groups Ceratothoa, Elthusa and Anilocra, along with full focus, detailed photographs of all the examined life stages. The three groups exhibit different strategies attaching to mouth, gill and externally, respectively. A statistical representation of the morphology of the dactyli, used for attaching to the host, was performed. This included a critical comparison of 10 additional species documented in literature. This is the first comprehensive description and photographs of specialised appendage morphology of immatures of Ceratothoa, as well as the first detailed micrographs of embryonic stages of Cymothoidae, and the first lateral and ventral views of immature stages of the examined species. Immature specimens possess morphological characters that can be used to distinguish between different species, but cannot be accurately identified based on diagnostic characters of adults. Quantitative analysis indicates that ontogeny plays a major role in the shape of the attachment structures (e.g. dactyli). PeerJ Inc. 2020-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7306222/ /pubmed/32596034 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9181 Text en © 2020 van der Wal and Haug https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Marine Biology
van der Wal, Serita
Haug, Joachim T.
Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
title Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
title_full Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
title_fullStr Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
title_full_unstemmed Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
title_short Shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
title_sort shape of attachment structures in parasitic isopodan crustaceans: the influence of attachment site and ontogeny
topic Marine Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7306222/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32596034
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9181
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