Association of the interaction between the rs9619311 and rs402007 polymorphisms and smoking with essential hypertension in Chinese Han population

BACKGROUND: To assess the association of the interaction between the rs9619311 and rs402007 polymorphisms and smoking with essential hypertension (EH) in a Chinese Han population. METHOD: Peripheral blood samples were extracted from 422 EH patients and 280 normotensive (NT) patients in a Chinese Han population. A whole blood genomic DNA extraction kit was used to extract genomic DNA from the blood samples. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the rs402007 polymorphism of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type motifs 1 gene and the rs9619311 polymorphism of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 gene. The distributions of the genotypes and alleles between the 2 study groups (EH and NT) were compared. The main risk factors for EH were determined by using logistic regression analysis. The effects of gene-gene and gene-smoking interactions on EH were analyzed using multifactor dimensional reduction. RESULTS: The frequencies of the rs402007 GC + CC genotype and the C allele were significantly different between the EH and NT groups (0.68 vs 0.57, χ(2) = 8.99(a), P = .003, odds ratio [OR] = 1.19; 0.45 vs 0.32, χ(2) = 22.16(a), P < .001, OR = 1.38). The frequencies of the rs9619311 TC + CC genotype and the C allele were also significantly different between the 2 groups (0.33 vs 0.25, χ(2) = 4.51(a), P = .04, OR = 1.44; 0.18 vs 0.13, χ(2) = 7.03(a), P = .01, OR = 1.50). Logistic regression analysis suggests that the rs402007 and rs9619311 polymorphisms are independent risk factors for EH (OR = 2.37, 1.86; P < .001, respectively). The multifactor dimensionality redundant analysis results showed that the interaction among rs402007, rs9619311, and smoking was statistically significant (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type motifs 1 rs402007 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 rs9619311 polymorphisms are associated with EH in a Chinese Han population, and there was a positive interaction among rs402007, rs9619311, and smoking.