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Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil

Atrazine is a triazine herbicide that is widely used to control broadleaf weeds. Its widespread use over the last 50 years has led to the potential contamination of soils, groundwater, rivers, and lakes. Its main route of complete degradation is via biological means, which is carried out by soil mic...

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Autores principales: Fernandes, Ana Flavia Tonelli, Wang, Ping, Staley, Christopher, Aparecida Silva Moretto, Jéssica, Miguel Altarugio, Lucas, Chagas Campanharo, Sarah, Guedes Stehling, Eliana, Jay Sadowsky, Michael
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269200
http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME19143
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author Fernandes, Ana Flavia Tonelli
Wang, Ping
Staley, Christopher
Aparecida Silva Moretto, Jéssica
Miguel Altarugio, Lucas
Chagas Campanharo, Sarah
Guedes Stehling, Eliana
Jay Sadowsky, Michael
author_facet Fernandes, Ana Flavia Tonelli
Wang, Ping
Staley, Christopher
Aparecida Silva Moretto, Jéssica
Miguel Altarugio, Lucas
Chagas Campanharo, Sarah
Guedes Stehling, Eliana
Jay Sadowsky, Michael
author_sort Fernandes, Ana Flavia Tonelli
collection PubMed
description Atrazine is a triazine herbicide that is widely used to control broadleaf weeds. Its widespread use over the last 50 years has led to the potential contamination of soils, groundwater, rivers, and lakes. Its main route of complete degradation is via biological means, which is carried out by soil microbiota using a 6-step pathway. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether application of atrazine to soil changes the soil bacterial community. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR to elucidate the microbial community structure and assess the abundance of the atrazine degradation genes atzA, atzD, and trzN in a Brazilian soil. The results obtained showed that the relative abundance of atzA and trzN, encoding triazine-initiating metabolism in Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, respectively, increased in soil during the first weeks following the application of atrazine. In contrast, the abundance of atzD, encoding cyanuric acid amidohydrolase—the fourth step in the pathway—was not related to the atrazine treatment. Moreover, the overall soil bacterial community showed no significant changes after the application of atrazine. Despite this, we observed increases in the relative abundance of bacterial families in the 4(th) and 8(th) weeks following the atrazine treatment, which may have been related to higher copy numbers of atzA and trzN, in part due to the release of nitrogen from the herbicide. The present results revealed that while the application of atrazine may temporarily increase the quantities of the atzA and trzN genes in a Brazilian Red Latosol soil, it does not lead to significant and long-term changes in the bacterial community structure.
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spelling pubmed-73085672020-06-23 Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil Fernandes, Ana Flavia Tonelli Wang, Ping Staley, Christopher Aparecida Silva Moretto, Jéssica Miguel Altarugio, Lucas Chagas Campanharo, Sarah Guedes Stehling, Eliana Jay Sadowsky, Michael Microbes Environ Regular Paper Atrazine is a triazine herbicide that is widely used to control broadleaf weeds. Its widespread use over the last 50 years has led to the potential contamination of soils, groundwater, rivers, and lakes. Its main route of complete degradation is via biological means, which is carried out by soil microbiota using a 6-step pathway. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether application of atrazine to soil changes the soil bacterial community. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR to elucidate the microbial community structure and assess the abundance of the atrazine degradation genes atzA, atzD, and trzN in a Brazilian soil. The results obtained showed that the relative abundance of atzA and trzN, encoding triazine-initiating metabolism in Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, respectively, increased in soil during the first weeks following the application of atrazine. In contrast, the abundance of atzD, encoding cyanuric acid amidohydrolase—the fourth step in the pathway—was not related to the atrazine treatment. Moreover, the overall soil bacterial community showed no significant changes after the application of atrazine. Despite this, we observed increases in the relative abundance of bacterial families in the 4(th) and 8(th) weeks following the atrazine treatment, which may have been related to higher copy numbers of atzA and trzN, in part due to the release of nitrogen from the herbicide. The present results revealed that while the application of atrazine may temporarily increase the quantities of the atzA and trzN genes in a Brazilian Red Latosol soil, it does not lead to significant and long-term changes in the bacterial community structure. Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles 2020 2020-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7308567/ /pubmed/32269200 http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME19143 Text en 2020 by Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Regular Paper
Fernandes, Ana Flavia Tonelli
Wang, Ping
Staley, Christopher
Aparecida Silva Moretto, Jéssica
Miguel Altarugio, Lucas
Chagas Campanharo, Sarah
Guedes Stehling, Eliana
Jay Sadowsky, Michael
Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil
title Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil
title_full Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil
title_fullStr Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil
title_full_unstemmed Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil
title_short Impact of Atrazine Exposure on the Microbial Community Structure in a Brazilian Tropical Latosol Soil
title_sort impact of atrazine exposure on the microbial community structure in a brazilian tropical latosol soil
topic Regular Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308567/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32269200
http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME19143
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