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Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective

The hypothalamo-pituitary system developed in early vertebrates. Prolactin is an ancient vertebrate hormone released from the pituitary that exerts particularly diverse functions. The purpose of the review is to take a comparative approach in the description of prolactin, its secretion from pituitar...

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Autores principales: Dobolyi, Arpád, Oláh, Szilvia, Keller, Dávid, Kumari, Rashmi, Fazekas, Emese A., Csikós, Vivien, Renner, Éva, Cservenák, Melinda
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32612510
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00621
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author Dobolyi, Arpád
Oláh, Szilvia
Keller, Dávid
Kumari, Rashmi
Fazekas, Emese A.
Csikós, Vivien
Renner, Éva
Cservenák, Melinda
author_facet Dobolyi, Arpád
Oláh, Szilvia
Keller, Dávid
Kumari, Rashmi
Fazekas, Emese A.
Csikós, Vivien
Renner, Éva
Cservenák, Melinda
author_sort Dobolyi, Arpád
collection PubMed
description The hypothalamo-pituitary system developed in early vertebrates. Prolactin is an ancient vertebrate hormone released from the pituitary that exerts particularly diverse functions. The purpose of the review is to take a comparative approach in the description of prolactin, its secretion from pituitary lactotrophs, and hormonal functions. Since the reproductive and osmoregulatory roles of prolactin are best established in a variety of species, these functions are the primary subjects of discussion. Different types of prolactin and prolactin receptors developed during vertebrate evolution, which will be described in this review. The signal transduction of prolactin receptors is well conserved among vertebrates enabling us to describe the whole subphylum. Then, the review focuses on the regulation of prolactin release in mammals as we have the most knowledge on this class of vertebrates. Prolactin secretion in response to different reproductive stimuli, such as estrogen-induced release, mating, pregnancy and suckling is detailed. Reproduction in birds is different from that in mammals in several aspects. Prolactin is released during incubation in avian species whose regulation and functional significance are discussed. Little information is available on prolactin in reptiles and amphibians; therefore, they are mentioned only in specific cases to explain certain evolutionary aspects. In turn, the osmoregulatory function of prolactin is well established in fish. The different types of pituitary prolactin in fish play particularly important roles in the adaptation of eutherian species to fresh water environments. To achieve this function, prolactin is released from lactotrophs in hyposmolarity, as they are directly osmosensitive in fish. In turn, the released prolactin acts on branchial epithelia, especially ionocytes of the gill to retain salt and excrete water. This review will highlight the points where comparative data give new ideas or suggest new approaches for investigation in other taxa.
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spelling pubmed-73087202020-06-30 Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective Dobolyi, Arpád Oláh, Szilvia Keller, Dávid Kumari, Rashmi Fazekas, Emese A. Csikós, Vivien Renner, Éva Cservenák, Melinda Front Neurosci Neuroscience The hypothalamo-pituitary system developed in early vertebrates. Prolactin is an ancient vertebrate hormone released from the pituitary that exerts particularly diverse functions. The purpose of the review is to take a comparative approach in the description of prolactin, its secretion from pituitary lactotrophs, and hormonal functions. Since the reproductive and osmoregulatory roles of prolactin are best established in a variety of species, these functions are the primary subjects of discussion. Different types of prolactin and prolactin receptors developed during vertebrate evolution, which will be described in this review. The signal transduction of prolactin receptors is well conserved among vertebrates enabling us to describe the whole subphylum. Then, the review focuses on the regulation of prolactin release in mammals as we have the most knowledge on this class of vertebrates. Prolactin secretion in response to different reproductive stimuli, such as estrogen-induced release, mating, pregnancy and suckling is detailed. Reproduction in birds is different from that in mammals in several aspects. Prolactin is released during incubation in avian species whose regulation and functional significance are discussed. Little information is available on prolactin in reptiles and amphibians; therefore, they are mentioned only in specific cases to explain certain evolutionary aspects. In turn, the osmoregulatory function of prolactin is well established in fish. The different types of pituitary prolactin in fish play particularly important roles in the adaptation of eutherian species to fresh water environments. To achieve this function, prolactin is released from lactotrophs in hyposmolarity, as they are directly osmosensitive in fish. In turn, the released prolactin acts on branchial epithelia, especially ionocytes of the gill to retain salt and excrete water. This review will highlight the points where comparative data give new ideas or suggest new approaches for investigation in other taxa. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-06-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7308720/ /pubmed/32612510 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00621 Text en Copyright © 2020 Dobolyi, Oláh, Keller, Kumari, Fazekas, Csikós, Renner and Cservenák. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Dobolyi, Arpád
Oláh, Szilvia
Keller, Dávid
Kumari, Rashmi
Fazekas, Emese A.
Csikós, Vivien
Renner, Éva
Cservenák, Melinda
Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective
title Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective
title_full Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective
title_fullStr Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective
title_short Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective
title_sort secretion and function of pituitary prolactin in evolutionary perspective
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7308720/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32612510
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00621
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