Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of 27 Patients with Childhood Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL). MATERIAL/METHODS: The data of 27 cases of childhood AMKL admitted from November 2009 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The survival analysi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Qi, Haixiao, Mao, Yan, Cao, Qian, Sun, Xingzhen, Kuai, Wenxia, Song, Junhong, Ma, Li, Hong, Ze, Hu, Jian, Zhou, Guoping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2020
Materias:
Clinical Research
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7309653/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32532951
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSM.922662
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL). MATERIAL/METHODS: The data of 27 cases of childhood AMKL admitted from November 2009 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The survival analysis and prognostic factors were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 26.4 months in 27 cases, and the complete response rate was 92.31% after 2 chemotherapy courses. Eight patients underwent bone marrow transplantation after 3–6 courses. Five patients died after transplantation, 4 of whom died due to recurrence after transplantation. Of the 27 patients, 10 developed recurrence (37.04%), and 8/10 had recurrence within 1 year. The 3-year overall survival rate and disease-free survival rates were (47±12)% and (36±14)%, respectively. Of the 27 AMKL cases, the 3 with Down syndrome (DS-AMKL) all survived after treatment, and the 3-year overall survival rate was 100%. However, of the other 24 AMKL patients without Down syndrome (non-DS-AMKL), 6 died and 6 abandoned treatment, and the 3-year overall survival rate was only 50%. Univariate analysis showed that 3-year overall survival rate was not correlated to gender, age, number of newly diagnosed white blood cells, karyotype, remission after 2 courses of treatment, and transplant after 3 courses of treatment of childhood AMKL cases. Nevertheless, recurrence and remission after 2 courses of treatment were significantly correlated with 3-year overall survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: Children with non-DS-AMKL have a high degree of malignancy and are prone to early recurrence with a poor prognosis, whereas the prognosis of DS-AMKL is relatively good. Recurrence after treatment and remission after 2 courses of treatment are important factors influencing the prognosis of childhood AMKL. Recurrence after transplantation is the leading cause of death in transplantation patients.

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