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GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats
(1) Background: Emulsified isoflurane (EISO) is a type of intravenous anesthetic. How emulsified isoflurane works in the brain is still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore whether epigenetic mechanisms affect anesthesia and to evaluate the anesthetic effects of emulsified isoflurane in rat...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312199/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114078 |
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author | Zhao, Xingkai Chang, Guangjun Cheng, Yan Zhou, Zhenlei |
author_facet | Zhao, Xingkai Chang, Guangjun Cheng, Yan Zhou, Zhenlei |
author_sort | Zhao, Xingkai |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: Emulsified isoflurane (EISO) is a type of intravenous anesthetic. How emulsified isoflurane works in the brain is still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore whether epigenetic mechanisms affect anesthesia and to evaluate the anesthetic effects of emulsified isoflurane in rats. (2) Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8/group): The tail vein was injected with normal saline 0.1 mL·kg(−1)·min(−1) for the control (Con) group, with intralipid for the fat emulsion (FE) group, with EISO at 60 mg·kg(−1)·min(−1) for the high-concentration (HD) group, and 45 mg·kg(−1)·min(−1) for the low-concentration (LD) group. The consciousness state, motor function of limbs, and response to nociceptive stimulus were observed after drug administration. (3) Results: Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the promoter methylation of ion channel proteins in the cerebral cortex of rats anesthetized by EISO, we demonstrated that the change in the promoters’ methylation of the coding genes for gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor α1 subunit (GABA(Aα1)), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1 (NMDAR1), and mu opioid receptor 1 (OPRM1) was accompanied by the change in messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression by these genes. (4) Conclusion: These data suggest that the epigenetic factors’ modulation might offer a novel approach to explore the anesthetic mechanism of EISO. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7312199 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73121992020-06-26 GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats Zhao, Xingkai Chang, Guangjun Cheng, Yan Zhou, Zhenlei Int J Mol Sci Article (1) Background: Emulsified isoflurane (EISO) is a type of intravenous anesthetic. How emulsified isoflurane works in the brain is still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore whether epigenetic mechanisms affect anesthesia and to evaluate the anesthetic effects of emulsified isoflurane in rats. (2) Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8/group): The tail vein was injected with normal saline 0.1 mL·kg(−1)·min(−1) for the control (Con) group, with intralipid for the fat emulsion (FE) group, with EISO at 60 mg·kg(−1)·min(−1) for the high-concentration (HD) group, and 45 mg·kg(−1)·min(−1) for the low-concentration (LD) group. The consciousness state, motor function of limbs, and response to nociceptive stimulus were observed after drug administration. (3) Results: Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the promoter methylation of ion channel proteins in the cerebral cortex of rats anesthetized by EISO, we demonstrated that the change in the promoters’ methylation of the coding genes for gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor α1 subunit (GABA(Aα1)), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1 (NMDAR1), and mu opioid receptor 1 (OPRM1) was accompanied by the change in messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression by these genes. (4) Conclusion: These data suggest that the epigenetic factors’ modulation might offer a novel approach to explore the anesthetic mechanism of EISO. MDPI 2020-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7312199/ /pubmed/32517358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114078 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Zhao, Xingkai Chang, Guangjun Cheng, Yan Zhou, Zhenlei GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats |
title | GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats |
title_full | GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats |
title_fullStr | GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats |
title_full_unstemmed | GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats |
title_short | GABA(A) Receptor/STEP61 Signaling Pathway May Be Involved in Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia in Rats |
title_sort | gaba(a) receptor/step61 signaling pathway may be involved in emulsified isoflurane anesthesia in rats |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312199/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517358 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114078 |
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