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NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases
Adipose tissue is an active endocrine and immune organ that controls systemic immunometabolism via multiple pathways. Diverse immune cell populations reside in adipose tissue, and their composition and immune responses vary with nutritional and environmental conditions. Adipose tissue dysfunction, c...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312293/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32545355 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114184 |
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author | Wu, Kelvin Ka-Lok Cheung, Samson Wing-Ming Cheng, Kenneth King-Yip |
author_facet | Wu, Kelvin Ka-Lok Cheung, Samson Wing-Ming Cheng, Kenneth King-Yip |
author_sort | Wu, Kelvin Ka-Lok |
collection | PubMed |
description | Adipose tissue is an active endocrine and immune organ that controls systemic immunometabolism via multiple pathways. Diverse immune cell populations reside in adipose tissue, and their composition and immune responses vary with nutritional and environmental conditions. Adipose tissue dysfunction, characterized by sterile low-grade chronic inflammation and excessive immune cell infiltration, is a hallmark of obesity, as well as an important link to cardiometabolic diseases. Amongst the pro-inflammatory factors secreted by the dysfunctional adipose tissue, interleukin (IL)-1β, induced by the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, not only impairs peripheral insulin sensitivity, but it also interferes with the endocrine and immune functions of adipose tissue in a paracrine manner. Human studies indicated that NLRP3 activity in adipose tissues positively correlates with obesity and its metabolic complications, and treatment with the IL-1β antibody improves glycaemia control in type 2 diabetic patients. In mouse models, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 activation pathways or IL-1β prevents adipose tissue dysfunction, including inflammation, fibrosis, defective lipid handling and adipogenesis, which in turn alleviates obesity and its related metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize both the negative and positive regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and its pathophysiological consequences on immunometabolism. We also discuss the potential therapeutic approaches to targeting adipose tissue inflammasome for the treatment of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7312293 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73122932020-06-26 NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases Wu, Kelvin Ka-Lok Cheung, Samson Wing-Ming Cheng, Kenneth King-Yip Int J Mol Sci Review Adipose tissue is an active endocrine and immune organ that controls systemic immunometabolism via multiple pathways. Diverse immune cell populations reside in adipose tissue, and their composition and immune responses vary with nutritional and environmental conditions. Adipose tissue dysfunction, characterized by sterile low-grade chronic inflammation and excessive immune cell infiltration, is a hallmark of obesity, as well as an important link to cardiometabolic diseases. Amongst the pro-inflammatory factors secreted by the dysfunctional adipose tissue, interleukin (IL)-1β, induced by the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, not only impairs peripheral insulin sensitivity, but it also interferes with the endocrine and immune functions of adipose tissue in a paracrine manner. Human studies indicated that NLRP3 activity in adipose tissues positively correlates with obesity and its metabolic complications, and treatment with the IL-1β antibody improves glycaemia control in type 2 diabetic patients. In mouse models, genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 activation pathways or IL-1β prevents adipose tissue dysfunction, including inflammation, fibrosis, defective lipid handling and adipogenesis, which in turn alleviates obesity and its related metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize both the negative and positive regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and its pathophysiological consequences on immunometabolism. We also discuss the potential therapeutic approaches to targeting adipose tissue inflammasome for the treatment of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. MDPI 2020-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7312293/ /pubmed/32545355 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114184 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Wu, Kelvin Ka-Lok Cheung, Samson Wing-Ming Cheng, Kenneth King-Yip NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases |
title | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases |
title_full | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases |
title_fullStr | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases |
title_short | NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Adipose Tissues and Its Implications on Metabolic Diseases |
title_sort | nlrp3 inflammasome activation in adipose tissues and its implications on metabolic diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312293/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32545355 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114184 |
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