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Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges

Over the past decades, numerous efforts were made towards the improvement of cereal crops mostly employing traditional or molecular breeding approaches. The current scenario made it possible to efficiently explore molecular understanding by targeting different genes to achieve desirable plants. To p...

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Autores principales: Ansari, Waquar A., Chandanshive, Sonali U., Bhatt, Vacha, Nadaf, Altafhusain B., Vats, Sanskriti, Katara, Jawahar L., Sonah, Humira, Deshmukh, Rupesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32516948
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114040
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author Ansari, Waquar A.
Chandanshive, Sonali U.
Bhatt, Vacha
Nadaf, Altafhusain B.
Vats, Sanskriti
Katara, Jawahar L.
Sonah, Humira
Deshmukh, Rupesh
author_facet Ansari, Waquar A.
Chandanshive, Sonali U.
Bhatt, Vacha
Nadaf, Altafhusain B.
Vats, Sanskriti
Katara, Jawahar L.
Sonah, Humira
Deshmukh, Rupesh
author_sort Ansari, Waquar A.
collection PubMed
description Over the past decades, numerous efforts were made towards the improvement of cereal crops mostly employing traditional or molecular breeding approaches. The current scenario made it possible to efficiently explore molecular understanding by targeting different genes to achieve desirable plants. To provide guaranteed food security for the rising world population particularly under vulnerable climatic condition, development of high yielding stress tolerant crops is needed. In this regard, technologies upgradation in the field of genome editing looks promising. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 is a rapidly growing genome editing technique being effectively applied in different organisms, that includes both model and crop plants. In recent times CRISPR/Cas9 is being considered as a technology which revolutionized fundamental as well as applied research in plant breeding. Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 system has been successfully demonstrated in many cereal crops including rice, wheat, maize, and barley. Availability of whole genome sequence information for number of crops along with the advancement in genome-editing techniques provides several possibilities to achieve desirable traits. In this review, the options available for crop improvement by implementing CRISPR/Cas9 based genome-editing techniques with special emphasis on cereal crops have been summarized. Recent advances providing opportunities to simultaneously edit many target genes were also discussed. The review also addressed recent advancements enabling precise base editing and gene expression modifications. In addition, the article also highlighted limitations such as transformation efficiency, specific promoters and most importantly the ethical and regulatory issues related to commercial release of novel crop varieties developed through genome editing.
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spelling pubmed-73125572020-06-29 Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges Ansari, Waquar A. Chandanshive, Sonali U. Bhatt, Vacha Nadaf, Altafhusain B. Vats, Sanskriti Katara, Jawahar L. Sonah, Humira Deshmukh, Rupesh Int J Mol Sci Review Over the past decades, numerous efforts were made towards the improvement of cereal crops mostly employing traditional or molecular breeding approaches. The current scenario made it possible to efficiently explore molecular understanding by targeting different genes to achieve desirable plants. To provide guaranteed food security for the rising world population particularly under vulnerable climatic condition, development of high yielding stress tolerant crops is needed. In this regard, technologies upgradation in the field of genome editing looks promising. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 is a rapidly growing genome editing technique being effectively applied in different organisms, that includes both model and crop plants. In recent times CRISPR/Cas9 is being considered as a technology which revolutionized fundamental as well as applied research in plant breeding. Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 system has been successfully demonstrated in many cereal crops including rice, wheat, maize, and barley. Availability of whole genome sequence information for number of crops along with the advancement in genome-editing techniques provides several possibilities to achieve desirable traits. In this review, the options available for crop improvement by implementing CRISPR/Cas9 based genome-editing techniques with special emphasis on cereal crops have been summarized. Recent advances providing opportunities to simultaneously edit many target genes were also discussed. The review also addressed recent advancements enabling precise base editing and gene expression modifications. In addition, the article also highlighted limitations such as transformation efficiency, specific promoters and most importantly the ethical and regulatory issues related to commercial release of novel crop varieties developed through genome editing. MDPI 2020-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7312557/ /pubmed/32516948 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114040 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ansari, Waquar A.
Chandanshive, Sonali U.
Bhatt, Vacha
Nadaf, Altafhusain B.
Vats, Sanskriti
Katara, Jawahar L.
Sonah, Humira
Deshmukh, Rupesh
Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges
title Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges
title_full Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges
title_fullStr Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges
title_full_unstemmed Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges
title_short Genome Editing in Cereals: Approaches, Applications and Challenges
title_sort genome editing in cereals: approaches, applications and challenges
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7312557/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32516948
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114040
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