The clinical diagnostic value of Xpert MTB/RIF for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in gastric aspirates

Background: At present, the infection and prevalence rates of tuberculosis (TB) are still high in worldwide. The Xpert MTB/RIF technology has improved the diagnosis speed of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and facilitated the rapid treatment of TB patients. Methods: We searched experimental data derived from Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting MTB in gastric aspirates in PubMed, Embase, Web Of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases between January 2012 to April 2019. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC curve) was used to analyze the pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR for determining the accuracy of the test. Results: Our database search resulted in 10 relevant articles. The pooled sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting TB in GA was 86% (95% CI, 83–89%), and I(2) = 93.4%. The pooled specificity was 92% (95% CI, 90–93%) and I(2) = 97.8%. In addition, the positive LR was 12.12 (95% CI, 5.60–26.21), negative LR was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.11–0.36), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 147.04 (95% CI, 37.20–581.19). Using the SROC curve, the AUC was 0.9730 and Q* was 0.9248 (SE = 0.0261). The publication bias was P=0.517 (P>0.05). Conclusions: The Xpert MTB/RIF for detecting MTB in gastric aspirates was highly accurate. In addition, we observed that the publication bias in the present study was low. Hence, the Xpert MTB/RIF technology is highly accurate and has the advantage of rapid testing for MTB in clinical samples.