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Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Thyroid hormones are essential for development of trophoblasts and the fetus. They also regulate a wide range of metabolic processes. We investigated the influence of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on thyroid hormone receptor (THR) isoforms THRα1, THRα2, THRβ1 and THRβ2 of the human pl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7313460/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517091 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114056 |
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author | Knabl, Julia de Maiziere, Lena Hüttenbrenner, Rebecca Hutter, Stefan Jückstock, Julia Mahner, Sven Kainer, Franz Desoye, Gernot Jeschke, Udo |
author_facet | Knabl, Julia de Maiziere, Lena Hüttenbrenner, Rebecca Hutter, Stefan Jückstock, Julia Mahner, Sven Kainer, Franz Desoye, Gernot Jeschke, Udo |
author_sort | Knabl, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Thyroid hormones are essential for development of trophoblasts and the fetus. They also regulate a wide range of metabolic processes. We investigated the influence of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on thyroid hormone receptor (THR) isoforms THRα1, THRα2, THRβ1 and THRβ2 of the human placenta in a sex- and cell-type specific manner. Term placental tissue was obtained from women with (n = 40) or without GDM (control; n = 40). THRs levels were measured by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry and real-time qRT-PCR. We localized THR immunostaining in syncytiotrophoblast (SCT), which was the tissue with the strongest signal. Double immunofluorescence identified THR in decidual cells in the stroma and in extravillous cytotrophoblasts. GDM did not change THRα1 immunolabelling intensity in decidua, but was associated with a stronger immunolabelling in SCT compared to GDM (p < 0.05). The SCT difference of GDM vs. control was strongest (p < 0.01) in female placentas. THRα2 was only weakly present and immunolabelling was weaker (p < 0.05) in SCT of only male GDM placentas in comparison to male controls. THRβ1/β2 immunostaining was weak in all cell types without changes in GDM. However, more THRβ1/2 protein was present (p < 0.001) in male than female placentas. All these protein changes were paralleled by changes of THR transcript levels. The data show that THR are expressed in term trophoblast in relation to fetal sex. Maternal GDM influences predominantly THRα1 in SCT, with the strongest GDM effect in SCT of female placentas. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7313460 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73134602020-06-29 Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Knabl, Julia de Maiziere, Lena Hüttenbrenner, Rebecca Hutter, Stefan Jückstock, Julia Mahner, Sven Kainer, Franz Desoye, Gernot Jeschke, Udo Int J Mol Sci Article Thyroid hormones are essential for development of trophoblasts and the fetus. They also regulate a wide range of metabolic processes. We investigated the influence of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on thyroid hormone receptor (THR) isoforms THRα1, THRα2, THRβ1 and THRβ2 of the human placenta in a sex- and cell-type specific manner. Term placental tissue was obtained from women with (n = 40) or without GDM (control; n = 40). THRs levels were measured by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry and real-time qRT-PCR. We localized THR immunostaining in syncytiotrophoblast (SCT), which was the tissue with the strongest signal. Double immunofluorescence identified THR in decidual cells in the stroma and in extravillous cytotrophoblasts. GDM did not change THRα1 immunolabelling intensity in decidua, but was associated with a stronger immunolabelling in SCT compared to GDM (p < 0.05). The SCT difference of GDM vs. control was strongest (p < 0.01) in female placentas. THRα2 was only weakly present and immunolabelling was weaker (p < 0.05) in SCT of only male GDM placentas in comparison to male controls. THRβ1/β2 immunostaining was weak in all cell types without changes in GDM. However, more THRβ1/2 protein was present (p < 0.001) in male than female placentas. All these protein changes were paralleled by changes of THR transcript levels. The data show that THR are expressed in term trophoblast in relation to fetal sex. Maternal GDM influences predominantly THRα1 in SCT, with the strongest GDM effect in SCT of female placentas. MDPI 2020-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7313460/ /pubmed/32517091 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114056 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Knabl, Julia de Maiziere, Lena Hüttenbrenner, Rebecca Hutter, Stefan Jückstock, Julia Mahner, Sven Kainer, Franz Desoye, Gernot Jeschke, Udo Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
title | Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
title_full | Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
title_fullStr | Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
title_full_unstemmed | Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
title_short | Cell Type- and Sex-Specific Dysregulation of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Placentas in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
title_sort | cell type- and sex-specific dysregulation of thyroid hormone receptors in placentas in gestational diabetes mellitus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7313460/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517091 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114056 |
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