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Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont
Ectomycorrhizal fungi supply their plant partners with nitrogen but can also retain substantial amounts. The concentration of nitrogen in the soil and the amount of carbon supplied from the host seem to influence the proportion of N retained by the fungus. In an experiment designed to determine whet...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7314718/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32363468 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00959-7 |
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author | Smith, Joshua M. Whiteside, Matthew D. Jones, Melanie D. |
author_facet | Smith, Joshua M. Whiteside, Matthew D. Jones, Melanie D. |
author_sort | Smith, Joshua M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ectomycorrhizal fungi supply their plant partners with nitrogen but can also retain substantial amounts. The concentration of nitrogen in the soil and the amount of carbon supplied from the host seem to influence the proportion of N retained by the fungus. In an experiment designed to determine whether differential supply of nitrogen to two plants influenced nitrogen transfer from fungus to plant within a mycorrhizal network, we observed rapid, substantial loss of nitrogen from pine seedlings. The loss occurred when the mycorrhizal fungus experienced a sudden increase in nitrogen supply. We grew Pinus contorta seedlings in association with Suillus tomentosus in low-nitrogen microcosms where some nitrogen was accessible only by hyphae. After 70 days, foliage of some seedlings was treated with nitrogen. Three days later, hyphal nutrient media were replaced with water or a solution containing nitrogen. Foliar treatment did not affect nitrogen transfer by the fungus to shoots, but by day 75, seedling nitrogen contents had dropped by 60% in microcosms where nitrogen had been added to the hyphal compartments. Those seedlings retained only 55% of the nitrogen originally present in the seed. Loss of nitrogen did not occur if water was added or the hyphae were severed. Because of the severing effect, we concluded that S. tomentosus triggered the loss of seedling nitrogen. Nitrogen may have been lost through increased root exudation or transfer to the fungus. Access to nitrogen from nutrient-rich germinants would benefit rhizosphere microorganisms, including ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing pine from spores after wildfire. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00572-020-00959-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7314718 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73147182020-06-26 Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont Smith, Joshua M. Whiteside, Matthew D. Jones, Melanie D. Mycorrhiza Original Article Ectomycorrhizal fungi supply their plant partners with nitrogen but can also retain substantial amounts. The concentration of nitrogen in the soil and the amount of carbon supplied from the host seem to influence the proportion of N retained by the fungus. In an experiment designed to determine whether differential supply of nitrogen to two plants influenced nitrogen transfer from fungus to plant within a mycorrhizal network, we observed rapid, substantial loss of nitrogen from pine seedlings. The loss occurred when the mycorrhizal fungus experienced a sudden increase in nitrogen supply. We grew Pinus contorta seedlings in association with Suillus tomentosus in low-nitrogen microcosms where some nitrogen was accessible only by hyphae. After 70 days, foliage of some seedlings was treated with nitrogen. Three days later, hyphal nutrient media were replaced with water or a solution containing nitrogen. Foliar treatment did not affect nitrogen transfer by the fungus to shoots, but by day 75, seedling nitrogen contents had dropped by 60% in microcosms where nitrogen had been added to the hyphal compartments. Those seedlings retained only 55% of the nitrogen originally present in the seed. Loss of nitrogen did not occur if water was added or the hyphae were severed. Because of the severing effect, we concluded that S. tomentosus triggered the loss of seedling nitrogen. Nitrogen may have been lost through increased root exudation or transfer to the fungus. Access to nitrogen from nutrient-rich germinants would benefit rhizosphere microorganisms, including ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing pine from spores after wildfire. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00572-020-00959-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2020-05-03 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7314718/ /pubmed/32363468 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00959-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Smith, Joshua M. Whiteside, Matthew D. Jones, Melanie D. Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
title | Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
title_full | Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
title_fullStr | Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
title_full_unstemmed | Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
title_short | Rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
title_sort | rapid nitrogen loss from ectomycorrhizal pine germinants signaled by their fungal symbiont |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7314718/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32363468 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00959-7 |
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