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HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries
Were southern hemisphere countries right to undertake national lockdown during their summer time? Were they right to blindly follow the self-isolation wave that hit European countries in full winter? As a southern hemisphere country like South Africa stands now as the most COVID-19 and HIV affected...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7316073/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32834592 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110030 |
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author | Doungmo Goufo, Emile F. Khan, Yasir Chaudhry, Qasim Ali |
author_facet | Doungmo Goufo, Emile F. Khan, Yasir Chaudhry, Qasim Ali |
author_sort | Doungmo Goufo, Emile F. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Were southern hemisphere countries right to undertake national lockdown during their summer time? Were they right to blindly follow the self-isolation wave that hit European countries in full winter? As a southern hemisphere country like South Africa stands now as the most COVID-19 and HIV affected country in Africa, we use in this paper, recent COVID-19 data to provide a statistical and comparative analysis that may alert southern hemisphere countries entering the winter season. After that, we use a generalized simple mathematical model of HIV-COVID-19 together with graphs, curves and tables to compare the pandemic situation in countries that were once the epicenter of the disease, such as China, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom (UK) and United States of America (USA). We perform stability and bifurcation analysis and show that the model contains a forward and a backward bifurcation under certain conditions. We also study different scenarios of stability/unstability equilibria for the model. The fractional (generalized) COVID-19 model is solved numerically and a predicted prevalence for the COVID-19 is provided. Recall that Brazil and South Africa share number of similar social features like Favellas (Brazil) and Townships (South Africa) with issues like promiscuity, poverty, and where social distanciation is almost impossible to observe. We can now ask the following question: Knowing its HIV situation, is South Africa the next epicenter in weeks to come when winter conditions, proven to be favorable to the spread of the new coronavirus are comfily installed? |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7316073 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73160732020-06-25 HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries Doungmo Goufo, Emile F. Khan, Yasir Chaudhry, Qasim Ali Chaos Solitons Fractals Article Were southern hemisphere countries right to undertake national lockdown during their summer time? Were they right to blindly follow the self-isolation wave that hit European countries in full winter? As a southern hemisphere country like South Africa stands now as the most COVID-19 and HIV affected country in Africa, we use in this paper, recent COVID-19 data to provide a statistical and comparative analysis that may alert southern hemisphere countries entering the winter season. After that, we use a generalized simple mathematical model of HIV-COVID-19 together with graphs, curves and tables to compare the pandemic situation in countries that were once the epicenter of the disease, such as China, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom (UK) and United States of America (USA). We perform stability and bifurcation analysis and show that the model contains a forward and a backward bifurcation under certain conditions. We also study different scenarios of stability/unstability equilibria for the model. The fractional (generalized) COVID-19 model is solved numerically and a predicted prevalence for the COVID-19 is provided. Recall that Brazil and South Africa share number of similar social features like Favellas (Brazil) and Townships (South Africa) with issues like promiscuity, poverty, and where social distanciation is almost impossible to observe. We can now ask the following question: Knowing its HIV situation, is South Africa the next epicenter in weeks to come when winter conditions, proven to be favorable to the spread of the new coronavirus are comfily installed? Elsevier Ltd. 2020-10 2020-06-25 /pmc/articles/PMC7316073/ /pubmed/32834592 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110030 Text en © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Doungmo Goufo, Emile F. Khan, Yasir Chaudhry, Qasim Ali HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries |
title | HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries |
title_full | HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries |
title_fullStr | HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries |
title_full_unstemmed | HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries |
title_short | HIV and shifting epicenters for COVID-19, an alert for some countries |
title_sort | hiv and shifting epicenters for covid-19, an alert for some countries |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7316073/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32834592 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110030 |
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