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A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato

Tomato steroidal glycoalkaloids (tSGAs) are a class of cholesterol-derived metabolites uniquely produced by the tomato clade. These compounds provide protection against biotic stress due to their fungicidal and insecticidal properties. Although commonly reported as being anti-nutritional, both in vi...

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Autores principales: Dzakovich, Michael P., Hartman, Jordan L., Cooperstone, Jessica L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7318899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32636855
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00767
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author Dzakovich, Michael P.
Hartman, Jordan L.
Cooperstone, Jessica L.
author_facet Dzakovich, Michael P.
Hartman, Jordan L.
Cooperstone, Jessica L.
author_sort Dzakovich, Michael P.
collection PubMed
description Tomato steroidal glycoalkaloids (tSGAs) are a class of cholesterol-derived metabolites uniquely produced by the tomato clade. These compounds provide protection against biotic stress due to their fungicidal and insecticidal properties. Although commonly reported as being anti-nutritional, both in vitro as well as pre-clinical animal studies have indicated that some tSGAs may have a beneficial impact on human health. However, the paucity of quantitative extraction and analysis methods presents a major obstacle for determining the biological and nutritional functions of tSGAs. To address this problem, we developed and validated the first comprehensive extraction and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) quantification method for tSGAs. Our extraction method allows for up to 16 samples to be extracted simultaneously in 20 min with 93.0 ± 6.8 and 100.8 ± 13.1% recovery rates for tomatidine and alpha-tomatine, respectively. Our UHPLC-MS/MS method was able to chromatographically separate analytes derived from 18 tSGA peaks representing 9 different tSGA masses, as well as two internal standards, in 13 min. Tomato steroidal glycoalkaloids that did not have available standards were annotated using high resolution mass spectrometry as well as product ion scans that provided fragmentation data. Lastly, we utilized our method to survey a variety of commonly consumed tomato-based products. Total tSGA concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 3.4 mg/serving and represent some of the first reported tSGA concentrations in tomato-based products. Our validation studies indicate that our method is sensitive, robust, and able to be used for a variety of applications where concentrations of biologically relevant tSGAs need to be quantified.
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spelling pubmed-73188992020-07-06 A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato Dzakovich, Michael P. Hartman, Jordan L. Cooperstone, Jessica L. Front Plant Sci Plant Science Tomato steroidal glycoalkaloids (tSGAs) are a class of cholesterol-derived metabolites uniquely produced by the tomato clade. These compounds provide protection against biotic stress due to their fungicidal and insecticidal properties. Although commonly reported as being anti-nutritional, both in vitro as well as pre-clinical animal studies have indicated that some tSGAs may have a beneficial impact on human health. However, the paucity of quantitative extraction and analysis methods presents a major obstacle for determining the biological and nutritional functions of tSGAs. To address this problem, we developed and validated the first comprehensive extraction and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) quantification method for tSGAs. Our extraction method allows for up to 16 samples to be extracted simultaneously in 20 min with 93.0 ± 6.8 and 100.8 ± 13.1% recovery rates for tomatidine and alpha-tomatine, respectively. Our UHPLC-MS/MS method was able to chromatographically separate analytes derived from 18 tSGA peaks representing 9 different tSGA masses, as well as two internal standards, in 13 min. Tomato steroidal glycoalkaloids that did not have available standards were annotated using high resolution mass spectrometry as well as product ion scans that provided fragmentation data. Lastly, we utilized our method to survey a variety of commonly consumed tomato-based products. Total tSGA concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 3.4 mg/serving and represent some of the first reported tSGA concentrations in tomato-based products. Our validation studies indicate that our method is sensitive, robust, and able to be used for a variety of applications where concentrations of biologically relevant tSGAs need to be quantified. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7318899/ /pubmed/32636855 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00767 Text en Copyright © 2020 Dzakovich, Hartman and Cooperstone. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Dzakovich, Michael P.
Hartman, Jordan L.
Cooperstone, Jessica L.
A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato
title A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato
title_full A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato
title_fullStr A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato
title_full_unstemmed A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato
title_short A High-Throughput Extraction and Analysis Method for Steroidal Glycoalkaloids in Tomato
title_sort high-throughput extraction and analysis method for steroidal glycoalkaloids in tomato
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7318899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32636855
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00767
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