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Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis

Understanding how and why rates of evolutionary diversification vary is a key issue in evolutionary biology, ecology, and biogeography. Evolutionary rates are the net result of interacting processes summarized under concepts such as adaptive radiation and evolutionary stasis. Here, we review the cen...

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Autores principales: Nürk, Nicolai M., Linder, H. Peter, Onstein, Renske E., Larcombe, Matthew J., Hughes, Colin E., Piñeiro Fernández, Laura, Schlüter, Philipp M., Valente, Luis, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Cutts, Vanessa, Donoghue, Michael J., Edwards, Erika J., Field, Richard, Flantua, Suzette G. A., Higgins, Steven I., Jentsch, Anke, Liede‐Schumann, Sigrid, Pirie, Michael D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7319112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32607221
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6313
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author Nürk, Nicolai M.
Linder, H. Peter
Onstein, Renske E.
Larcombe, Matthew J.
Hughes, Colin E.
Piñeiro Fernández, Laura
Schlüter, Philipp M.
Valente, Luis
Beierkuhnlein, Carl
Cutts, Vanessa
Donoghue, Michael J.
Edwards, Erika J.
Field, Richard
Flantua, Suzette G. A.
Higgins, Steven I.
Jentsch, Anke
Liede‐Schumann, Sigrid
Pirie, Michael D.
author_facet Nürk, Nicolai M.
Linder, H. Peter
Onstein, Renske E.
Larcombe, Matthew J.
Hughes, Colin E.
Piñeiro Fernández, Laura
Schlüter, Philipp M.
Valente, Luis
Beierkuhnlein, Carl
Cutts, Vanessa
Donoghue, Michael J.
Edwards, Erika J.
Field, Richard
Flantua, Suzette G. A.
Higgins, Steven I.
Jentsch, Anke
Liede‐Schumann, Sigrid
Pirie, Michael D.
author_sort Nürk, Nicolai M.
collection PubMed
description Understanding how and why rates of evolutionary diversification vary is a key issue in evolutionary biology, ecology, and biogeography. Evolutionary rates are the net result of interacting processes summarized under concepts such as adaptive radiation and evolutionary stasis. Here, we review the central concepts in the evolutionary diversification literature and synthesize these into a simple, general framework for studying rates of diversification and quantifying their underlying dynamics, which can be applied across clades and regions, and across spatial and temporal scales. Our framework describes the diversification rate (d) as a function of the abiotic environment (a), the biotic environment (b), and clade‐specific phenotypes or traits (c); thus, d ~ a,b,c. We refer to the four components (a–d) and their interactions collectively as the “Evolutionary Arena.” We outline analytical approaches to this framework and present a case study on conifers, for which we parameterize the general model. We also discuss three conceptual examples: the Lupinus radiation in the Andes in the context of emerging ecological opportunity and fluctuating connectivity due to climatic oscillations; oceanic island radiations in the context of island formation and erosion; and biotically driven radiations of the Mediterranean orchid genus Ophrys. The results of the conifer case study are consistent with the long‐standing scenario that low competition and high rates of niche evolution promote diversification. The conceptual examples illustrate how using the synthetic Evolutionary Arena framework helps to identify and structure future directions for research on evolutionary radiations. In this way, the Evolutionary Arena framework promotes a more general understanding of variation in evolutionary rates by making quantitative results comparable between case studies, thereby allowing new syntheses of evolutionary and ecological processes to emerge.
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spelling pubmed-73191122020-06-29 Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis Nürk, Nicolai M. Linder, H. Peter Onstein, Renske E. Larcombe, Matthew J. Hughes, Colin E. Piñeiro Fernández, Laura Schlüter, Philipp M. Valente, Luis Beierkuhnlein, Carl Cutts, Vanessa Donoghue, Michael J. Edwards, Erika J. Field, Richard Flantua, Suzette G. A. Higgins, Steven I. Jentsch, Anke Liede‐Schumann, Sigrid Pirie, Michael D. Ecol Evol Reviews Understanding how and why rates of evolutionary diversification vary is a key issue in evolutionary biology, ecology, and biogeography. Evolutionary rates are the net result of interacting processes summarized under concepts such as adaptive radiation and evolutionary stasis. Here, we review the central concepts in the evolutionary diversification literature and synthesize these into a simple, general framework for studying rates of diversification and quantifying their underlying dynamics, which can be applied across clades and regions, and across spatial and temporal scales. Our framework describes the diversification rate (d) as a function of the abiotic environment (a), the biotic environment (b), and clade‐specific phenotypes or traits (c); thus, d ~ a,b,c. We refer to the four components (a–d) and their interactions collectively as the “Evolutionary Arena.” We outline analytical approaches to this framework and present a case study on conifers, for which we parameterize the general model. We also discuss three conceptual examples: the Lupinus radiation in the Andes in the context of emerging ecological opportunity and fluctuating connectivity due to climatic oscillations; oceanic island radiations in the context of island formation and erosion; and biotically driven radiations of the Mediterranean orchid genus Ophrys. The results of the conifer case study are consistent with the long‐standing scenario that low competition and high rates of niche evolution promote diversification. The conceptual examples illustrate how using the synthetic Evolutionary Arena framework helps to identify and structure future directions for research on evolutionary radiations. In this way, the Evolutionary Arena framework promotes a more general understanding of variation in evolutionary rates by making quantitative results comparable between case studies, thereby allowing new syntheses of evolutionary and ecological processes to emerge. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2020-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC7319112/ /pubmed/32607221 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6313 Text en © 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Reviews
Nürk, Nicolai M.
Linder, H. Peter
Onstein, Renske E.
Larcombe, Matthew J.
Hughes, Colin E.
Piñeiro Fernández, Laura
Schlüter, Philipp M.
Valente, Luis
Beierkuhnlein, Carl
Cutts, Vanessa
Donoghue, Michael J.
Edwards, Erika J.
Field, Richard
Flantua, Suzette G. A.
Higgins, Steven I.
Jentsch, Anke
Liede‐Schumann, Sigrid
Pirie, Michael D.
Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis
title Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis
title_full Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis
title_fullStr Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis
title_full_unstemmed Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis
title_short Diversification in evolutionary arenas—Assessment and synthesis
title_sort diversification in evolutionary arenas—assessment and synthesis
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7319112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32607221
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6313
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