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Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control
BACKGROUND: A high prevalence and incidence of epilepsy has been reported in onchocerciasis-endemic regions in Central and East Africa. There is compelling epidemiological evidence suggesting that this high burden is caused by onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). We hypothesized that OAE had al...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7320426/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32141502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaa012 |
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author | Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson Remme, Jan H F Preux, Pierre-Marie Colebunders, Robert |
author_facet | Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson Remme, Jan H F Preux, Pierre-Marie Colebunders, Robert |
author_sort | Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: A high prevalence and incidence of epilepsy has been reported in onchocerciasis-endemic regions in Central and East Africa. There is compelling epidemiological evidence suggesting that this high burden is caused by onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). We hypothesized that OAE had also occured in West African onchocerciasis foci. METHODS: We searched PubMed, the African Journals Online platform and grey literature for population-based epilepsy studies in West African countries. Epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence data were extracted. The pre-control onchocerciasis endemicity in the study sites was estimated from historical data of onchocerciasis control programmes. The prevalence of epilepsy in different sites was analysed, taking into account onchocerciasis endemicity and the duration of control. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of epilepsy in the West African study sites was 13.14 per 1000 (95% confidence interval 11.28–15.00). Higher pre-control endemicity and a shorter duration of onchocerciasis control were both associated with increased epilepsy prevalence (p<0.001). Two studies in Ivory Coast that provided detailed descriptions of persons with epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic settings revealed that most of them had features of OAE (73.7% and 83.3%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that before and during the early years of implementing onchocerciasis control in West Africa, high onchocerciasis endemicity resulted in a high prevalence of OAE and that subsequent control efforts significantly reduced the prevalence of OAE. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7320426 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73204262020-07-01 Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson Remme, Jan H F Preux, Pierre-Marie Colebunders, Robert Int Health Original Article BACKGROUND: A high prevalence and incidence of epilepsy has been reported in onchocerciasis-endemic regions in Central and East Africa. There is compelling epidemiological evidence suggesting that this high burden is caused by onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). We hypothesized that OAE had also occured in West African onchocerciasis foci. METHODS: We searched PubMed, the African Journals Online platform and grey literature for population-based epilepsy studies in West African countries. Epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence data were extracted. The pre-control onchocerciasis endemicity in the study sites was estimated from historical data of onchocerciasis control programmes. The prevalence of epilepsy in different sites was analysed, taking into account onchocerciasis endemicity and the duration of control. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of epilepsy in the West African study sites was 13.14 per 1000 (95% confidence interval 11.28–15.00). Higher pre-control endemicity and a shorter duration of onchocerciasis control were both associated with increased epilepsy prevalence (p<0.001). Two studies in Ivory Coast that provided detailed descriptions of persons with epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic settings revealed that most of them had features of OAE (73.7% and 83.3%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that before and during the early years of implementing onchocerciasis control in West Africa, high onchocerciasis endemicity resulted in a high prevalence of OAE and that subsequent control efforts significantly reduced the prevalence of OAE. Oxford University Press 2020-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7320426/ /pubmed/32141502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaa012 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com |
spellingShingle | Original Article Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson Remme, Jan H F Preux, Pierre-Marie Colebunders, Robert Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
title | Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
title_full | Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
title_fullStr | Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
title_full_unstemmed | Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
title_short | Meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in West Africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
title_sort | meta-analysis of epilepsy prevalence in west africa and its relationship with onchocerciasis endemicity and control |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7320426/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32141502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaa012 |
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