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Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview

Chloral hydrate is the oldest and most common sedative drug used in moderate sedation for pediatric dental patients. Hence, the purpose of this article is to review the safety and possible adverse events of this drug when used for pediatric dental treatment. A bibliographic search in PubMed, MEDLINE...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Song, Sol, Han, Miran, Kim, Jongbin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7321738/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32617405
http://dx.doi.org/10.17245/jdapm.2020.20.3.107
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author Song, Sol
Han, Miran
Kim, Jongbin
author_facet Song, Sol
Han, Miran
Kim, Jongbin
author_sort Song, Sol
collection PubMed
description Chloral hydrate is the oldest and most common sedative drug used in moderate sedation for pediatric dental patients. Hence, the purpose of this article is to review the safety and possible adverse events of this drug when used for pediatric dental treatment. A bibliographic search in PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and KMbase, KISS, DBpia, KoreaMed, and RISS databases was performed. Using the keywords “dental sedation,” “chloral hydrate,” and “children or adolescent,” 512 scientific articles were found. Subsequently, 183 studies were individually assessed for their suitability for inclusion in this literature review. Altogether, 24 studies were selected. They included 12 cases of death before, during, or after chloral hydrate sedation for dental treatment, majorly due to dosing error and use of multiple sedatives. Additionally, intraoperative adverse events were mostly respiratory problems such as hypoxia and apnea, but most events were temporary. After treatment, prolonged sedation, including excessive sleep and less activity were the most common postoperative adverse events, and even death cases were reported. Despite the wide acceptance of chloral hydrate as a sedative-hypnotic agent, the risk of adverse events and adequate dose should be of great concern when using it for pediatric dental sedation.
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spelling pubmed-73217382020-07-01 Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview Song, Sol Han, Miran Kim, Jongbin J Dent Anesth Pain Med Review Article Chloral hydrate is the oldest and most common sedative drug used in moderate sedation for pediatric dental patients. Hence, the purpose of this article is to review the safety and possible adverse events of this drug when used for pediatric dental treatment. A bibliographic search in PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and KMbase, KISS, DBpia, KoreaMed, and RISS databases was performed. Using the keywords “dental sedation,” “chloral hydrate,” and “children or adolescent,” 512 scientific articles were found. Subsequently, 183 studies were individually assessed for their suitability for inclusion in this literature review. Altogether, 24 studies were selected. They included 12 cases of death before, during, or after chloral hydrate sedation for dental treatment, majorly due to dosing error and use of multiple sedatives. Additionally, intraoperative adverse events were mostly respiratory problems such as hypoxia and apnea, but most events were temporary. After treatment, prolonged sedation, including excessive sleep and less activity were the most common postoperative adverse events, and even death cases were reported. Despite the wide acceptance of chloral hydrate as a sedative-hypnotic agent, the risk of adverse events and adequate dose should be of great concern when using it for pediatric dental sedation. The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2020-06 2020-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7321738/ /pubmed/32617405 http://dx.doi.org/10.17245/jdapm.2020.20.3.107 Text en Copyright © 2020 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Song, Sol
Han, Miran
Kim, Jongbin
Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
title Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
title_full Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
title_fullStr Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
title_full_unstemmed Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
title_short Safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
title_sort safety of chloral hydrate sedation in dental practice for children: an overview
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7321738/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32617405
http://dx.doi.org/10.17245/jdapm.2020.20.3.107
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