Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Cardiovascular Protective Targets of the Thyroid Hormone Metabolite 3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM)

BACKGROUND: The thyroid hormone metabolite 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) is rapidly emerging as a promising compound in decreasing the heart rate and lowering the cardiac output. The aim of our study was to fully understand the molecular mechanism of 3-T1AM on cardiomyocytes and its potential targets in cardiovascular diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our study, we utilized RNA-Seq to characterize the gene expression in H9C2 cells after 3-T1AM treatment. Comparative transcriptome analysis, including gene ontology, signaling pathways, disease connectivity analysis, and protein-protein interaction networks (PPI), was presented to find the critical gene function, hub genes, and related pathways. RESULTS: A total of 1494 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (192 upregulated and 1302 downregulated genes) in H9C2 cells for 3-T1AM treatment. Of these, 90 genes were associated with cardiovascular diseases. The PPI analysis indicated that 5 hub genes might be the targets of 3-T1AM. Subsequently, eight DEGs characterized using RNA-Seq were confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of 3-T1AM on H9C2 cells and delineates a new insight into the therapeutic intervention of 3-T1AM for the cardiovascular diseases.