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Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders

Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are a family of serine proteases that when dysregulated may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In the present review article, we describe what is known about their physiological and pathological roles with an emphasis on KLK6 and KLK8, two KLK...

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Autores principales: Mella, Cinthia, Figueroa, Carlos D., Otth, Carola, Ehrenfeld, Pamela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7324807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32655372
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00166
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author Mella, Cinthia
Figueroa, Carlos D.
Otth, Carola
Ehrenfeld, Pamela
author_facet Mella, Cinthia
Figueroa, Carlos D.
Otth, Carola
Ehrenfeld, Pamela
author_sort Mella, Cinthia
collection PubMed
description Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are a family of serine proteases that when dysregulated may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In the present review article, we describe what is known about their physiological and pathological roles with an emphasis on KLK6 and KLK8, two KLKs that are highly expressed in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Altered expression and activity of KLK6 have been linked to brain physiology and the development of multiple sclerosis. On the other hand, altered levels of KLK6 in the brain and serum of people affected by Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease have been documented, pointing out to its function in amyloid metabolism and development of synucleinopathies. People who have structural genetic variants of KLK8 can suffer mental illnesses such as intellectual and learning disabilities, seizures, and autism. Increased expression of KLK8 has also been implicated in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Also, we discuss the possible link that exists between KLKs activity and certain viral infections that can affect the nervous system. Although little is known about the exact mechanisms that mediate KLKs function and their participation in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders will open a new field to develop novel therapies to modulate their levels and/or activity and their harmful effects on the CNS.
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spelling pubmed-73248072020-07-10 Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders Mella, Cinthia Figueroa, Carlos D. Otth, Carola Ehrenfeld, Pamela Front Cell Neurosci Cellular Neuroscience Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are a family of serine proteases that when dysregulated may contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In the present review article, we describe what is known about their physiological and pathological roles with an emphasis on KLK6 and KLK8, two KLKs that are highly expressed in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Altered expression and activity of KLK6 have been linked to brain physiology and the development of multiple sclerosis. On the other hand, altered levels of KLK6 in the brain and serum of people affected by Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease have been documented, pointing out to its function in amyloid metabolism and development of synucleinopathies. People who have structural genetic variants of KLK8 can suffer mental illnesses such as intellectual and learning disabilities, seizures, and autism. Increased expression of KLK8 has also been implicated in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Also, we discuss the possible link that exists between KLKs activity and certain viral infections that can affect the nervous system. Although little is known about the exact mechanisms that mediate KLKs function and their participation in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders will open a new field to develop novel therapies to modulate their levels and/or activity and their harmful effects on the CNS. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7324807/ /pubmed/32655372 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00166 Text en Copyright © 2020 Mella, Figueroa, Otth and Ehrenfeld. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular Neuroscience
Mella, Cinthia
Figueroa, Carlos D.
Otth, Carola
Ehrenfeld, Pamela
Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders
title Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders
title_full Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders
title_fullStr Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders
title_short Involvement of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Nervous System Disorders
title_sort involvement of kallikrein-related peptidases in nervous system disorders
topic Cellular Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7324807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32655372
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00166
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