Genetic diversity of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis in the Siberia and Far East of Russia based on plasmid profiles

For the first time, in the literature review we presents the molecular genetic structure of Salmonella Enteritidis populations in Russia, and particularly, in Siberia and the Far East of the country. Pathogen population in Russia has been compared with Salmonella populations circulating in different countries of the world. It has been shown that the microbial population is heterogeneous, but it is possible to identify the dominant and main genotypes, which determine up to 90% of the total population morbidity. The data were obtained as a result of a 30-year monitoring (1988 to 2018) by studying the microbial plasmid profiles. It was shown that the same S. Enteritidis clones circulate throughout Russia, however, their significance in the population morbidity may vary depending on geographic and temporal characteristics. Population is characterized by heterogeneity and relative stability of the plasmid types' structure. At the same time, the population is also specified by variability, reflected as a simple change of the annual number of constantly detected plasmid types, and the appearance of new ones that can play a significant role in the etiology of Salmonella infection.