Cargando…

Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review

Prediction of prostate cancer in primary care is typically based upon serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and digital rectal examination results. However, these tests lack sensitivity and specificity, leading to over-diagnosis of disease and unnecessary, invasive biopsies. Therefore, there...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: McNally, Christopher J, Ruddock, Mark W, Moore, Tara, McKenna, Declan J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7335899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669872
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S250829
_version_ 1783554214974193664
author McNally, Christopher J
Ruddock, Mark W
Moore, Tara
McKenna, Declan J
author_facet McNally, Christopher J
Ruddock, Mark W
Moore, Tara
McKenna, Declan J
author_sort McNally, Christopher J
collection PubMed
description Prediction of prostate cancer in primary care is typically based upon serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and digital rectal examination results. However, these tests lack sensitivity and specificity, leading to over-diagnosis of disease and unnecessary, invasive biopsies. Therefore, there is a clinical need for diagnostic tests that can differentiate between benign conditions and early-stage malignant disease in the prostate. In this review, we evaluate research papers published from 2009 to 2019 reporting biomarkers that identified or differentiated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from prostate cancer. Our review identifies hundreds of potential biomarkers in urine, serum, tissue, and semen proposed as useful targets for differentiating between prostate cancer and BPH patients. However, it is still not apparent which of these candidate biomarkers are most useful, and many will not progress beyond the discovery stage unless they are properly validated for clinical practice. We conclude that this validation will come through the use of multivariate panels which can assess the value of biomarker candidates in combination with clinical parameters as part of a risk prediction calculator. Implementation of such a model will help clinicians stratify patients with prostate cancer symptoms in primary care, with tangible benefits for both the patient and the health service.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7335899
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Dove
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-73358992020-07-14 Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review McNally, Christopher J Ruddock, Mark W Moore, Tara McKenna, Declan J Cancer Manag Res Review Prediction of prostate cancer in primary care is typically based upon serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and digital rectal examination results. However, these tests lack sensitivity and specificity, leading to over-diagnosis of disease and unnecessary, invasive biopsies. Therefore, there is a clinical need for diagnostic tests that can differentiate between benign conditions and early-stage malignant disease in the prostate. In this review, we evaluate research papers published from 2009 to 2019 reporting biomarkers that identified or differentiated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from prostate cancer. Our review identifies hundreds of potential biomarkers in urine, serum, tissue, and semen proposed as useful targets for differentiating between prostate cancer and BPH patients. However, it is still not apparent which of these candidate biomarkers are most useful, and many will not progress beyond the discovery stage unless they are properly validated for clinical practice. We conclude that this validation will come through the use of multivariate panels which can assess the value of biomarker candidates in combination with clinical parameters as part of a risk prediction calculator. Implementation of such a model will help clinicians stratify patients with prostate cancer symptoms in primary care, with tangible benefits for both the patient and the health service. Dove 2020-07-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7335899/ /pubmed/32669872 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S250829 Text en © 2020 McNally et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
McNally, Christopher J
Ruddock, Mark W
Moore, Tara
McKenna, Declan J
Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review
title Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review
title_full Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review
title_fullStr Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review
title_short Biomarkers That Differentiate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia from Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review
title_sort biomarkers that differentiate benign prostatic hyperplasia from prostate cancer: a literature review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7335899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669872
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S250829
work_keys_str_mv AT mcnallychristopherj biomarkersthatdifferentiatebenignprostatichyperplasiafromprostatecanceraliteraturereview
AT ruddockmarkw biomarkersthatdifferentiatebenignprostatichyperplasiafromprostatecanceraliteraturereview
AT mooretara biomarkersthatdifferentiatebenignprostatichyperplasiafromprostatecanceraliteraturereview
AT mckennadeclanj biomarkersthatdifferentiatebenignprostatichyperplasiafromprostatecanceraliteraturereview