流式细胞术检测伊红-5′-马来酰亚胺标记红细胞在80例遗传性球形红细胞增多症中的诊断价值

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of eosin-5′-maleimide (EMA) assay for the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis (HS), and to verify the stability of reagent and samples. METHODS: EMA flow cytometry test, NaCl-osmotic fragility test and acidified glycerol lysis test were performed using peripheral blood samples from 80 patients with HS and 44 patients with other blood diseases, the sensitivity and specificity of the three methods were compared, and the feasibility of EMA binding test was estimated. The stability of EMA reagent and HS samples stored at different temperatures were tested. RESULTS: Among the 124 tested samples, the sensitivity and specificity of EMA binding test was 0.925 and 0.954, that of NaCl-osmotic fragility test was 0.950 and 0.455, and that of acidified glycerol lysis test was 1.000 and 0.318, respectively. Although the sensitivity of NaCl-osmotic fragility test and acidified glycerol lysis test was a little higher than that of EMA binding test, the specificity of the former two methods was poor, they couldn't clearly distinguish whether spherocytosis is hereditary spherocytosis. The experiment results showed that EMA was sensitive to the temperature and shouldn't be stored in a small aliquots at −80 °C over a period of 6 months. The stability of the HS sample was better, 6 days storage at 4 °C and 3 days storage at room temperature had no influence on the results. CONCLUSION: EMA binding test by flow cytometry showed good sensitivity and specificity for HS diagnosis. EMA reagent should be stored at−80 °C and the HS samples should be tested within 6 days storage at 4 °C and 3 days at room temperature.