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Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta

Porphyrins and derivatives form one of the most abundant classes of biochromes. They result from the breakdown of heme and have crucial physiological functions. Bilins are well-known representatives of this group that, besides significant antioxidant and anti-mutagenic properties, are also photosens...

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Autores principales: D’Ambrosio, Mariaelena, Santos, Ana Catarina, Alejo-Armijo, Alfonso, Parola, A. Jorge, Costa, Pedro M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7344449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517206
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18060302
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author D’Ambrosio, Mariaelena
Santos, Ana Catarina
Alejo-Armijo, Alfonso
Parola, A. Jorge
Costa, Pedro M.
author_facet D’Ambrosio, Mariaelena
Santos, Ana Catarina
Alejo-Armijo, Alfonso
Parola, A. Jorge
Costa, Pedro M.
author_sort D’Ambrosio, Mariaelena
collection PubMed
description Porphyrins and derivatives form one of the most abundant classes of biochromes. They result from the breakdown of heme and have crucial physiological functions. Bilins are well-known representatives of this group that, besides significant antioxidant and anti-mutagenic properties, are also photosensitizers for photodynamic therapies. Recently, we demonstrated that the Polychaeta Eulalia viridis, common in the Portuguese rocky intertidal, holds a high variety of novel greenish and yellowish porphyrinoid pigments, stored as granules in the chromocytes of several organs. On the follow-up of this study, we chemically characterized pigment extracts from the worm’s skin and proboscis using HPLC and evaluated their light and dark toxicity in vivo and ex vivo using Daphnia and mussel gill tissue as models, respectively. The findings showed that the skin and proboscis have distinct patterns of hydrophilic or even amphiphilic porphyrinoids, with some substances in common. The combination of the two bioassays demonstrated that the extracts from the skin exert higher dark toxicity, whereas those from the proboscis rapidly exert light toxicity, then becoming exhausted. One particular yellow pigment that is highly abundant in the proboscis shows highly promising properties as a natural photosensitizer, revealing that porphyrinoids from marine invertebrates are important sources of these high-prized bioproducts.
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spelling pubmed-73444492020-07-14 Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta D’Ambrosio, Mariaelena Santos, Ana Catarina Alejo-Armijo, Alfonso Parola, A. Jorge Costa, Pedro M. Mar Drugs Article Porphyrins and derivatives form one of the most abundant classes of biochromes. They result from the breakdown of heme and have crucial physiological functions. Bilins are well-known representatives of this group that, besides significant antioxidant and anti-mutagenic properties, are also photosensitizers for photodynamic therapies. Recently, we demonstrated that the Polychaeta Eulalia viridis, common in the Portuguese rocky intertidal, holds a high variety of novel greenish and yellowish porphyrinoid pigments, stored as granules in the chromocytes of several organs. On the follow-up of this study, we chemically characterized pigment extracts from the worm’s skin and proboscis using HPLC and evaluated their light and dark toxicity in vivo and ex vivo using Daphnia and mussel gill tissue as models, respectively. The findings showed that the skin and proboscis have distinct patterns of hydrophilic or even amphiphilic porphyrinoids, with some substances in common. The combination of the two bioassays demonstrated that the extracts from the skin exert higher dark toxicity, whereas those from the proboscis rapidly exert light toxicity, then becoming exhausted. One particular yellow pigment that is highly abundant in the proboscis shows highly promising properties as a natural photosensitizer, revealing that porphyrinoids from marine invertebrates are important sources of these high-prized bioproducts. MDPI 2020-06-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7344449/ /pubmed/32517206 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18060302 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
D’Ambrosio, Mariaelena
Santos, Ana Catarina
Alejo-Armijo, Alfonso
Parola, A. Jorge
Costa, Pedro M.
Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta
title Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta
title_full Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta
title_fullStr Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta
title_full_unstemmed Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta
title_short Light-Mediated Toxicity of Porphyrin-Like Pigments from a Marine Polychaeta
title_sort light-mediated toxicity of porphyrin-like pigments from a marine polychaeta
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7344449/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517206
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18060302
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