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Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives
Invasive fungal infections such as aspergillosis are life-threatening diseases mainly affecting immuno-compromised patients. The diagnosis of fungal infections is difficult, lacking specificity and sensitivity. This review covers findings on the preclinical use of siderophores for the molecular imag...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345832/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32485852 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020073 |
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author | Petrik, Milos Pfister, Joachim Misslinger, Matthias Decristoforo, Clemens Haas, Hubertus |
author_facet | Petrik, Milos Pfister, Joachim Misslinger, Matthias Decristoforo, Clemens Haas, Hubertus |
author_sort | Petrik, Milos |
collection | PubMed |
description | Invasive fungal infections such as aspergillosis are life-threatening diseases mainly affecting immuno-compromised patients. The diagnosis of fungal infections is difficult, lacking specificity and sensitivity. This review covers findings on the preclinical use of siderophores for the molecular imaging of infections. Siderophores are low molecular mass chelators produced by bacteria and fungi to scavenge the essential metal iron. Replacing iron in siderophores by radionuclides such as gallium-68 allowed the targeted imaging of infection by positron emission tomography (PET). The proof of principle was the imaging of pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection using [(68)Ga]Ga-triacetylfusarinine C. Recently, this approach was expanded to imaging of bacterial infections, i.e., with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, the conjugation of siderophores and fluorescent dyes enabled the generation of hybrid imaging compounds, allowing the combination of PET and optical imaging. Nevertheless, the high potential of these imaging probes still awaits translation into clinics. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7345832 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73458322020-07-09 Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives Petrik, Milos Pfister, Joachim Misslinger, Matthias Decristoforo, Clemens Haas, Hubertus J Fungi (Basel) Review Invasive fungal infections such as aspergillosis are life-threatening diseases mainly affecting immuno-compromised patients. The diagnosis of fungal infections is difficult, lacking specificity and sensitivity. This review covers findings on the preclinical use of siderophores for the molecular imaging of infections. Siderophores are low molecular mass chelators produced by bacteria and fungi to scavenge the essential metal iron. Replacing iron in siderophores by radionuclides such as gallium-68 allowed the targeted imaging of infection by positron emission tomography (PET). The proof of principle was the imaging of pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection using [(68)Ga]Ga-triacetylfusarinine C. Recently, this approach was expanded to imaging of bacterial infections, i.e., with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, the conjugation of siderophores and fluorescent dyes enabled the generation of hybrid imaging compounds, allowing the combination of PET and optical imaging. Nevertheless, the high potential of these imaging probes still awaits translation into clinics. MDPI 2020-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7345832/ /pubmed/32485852 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020073 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Petrik, Milos Pfister, Joachim Misslinger, Matthias Decristoforo, Clemens Haas, Hubertus Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives |
title | Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives |
title_full | Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives |
title_fullStr | Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives |
title_full_unstemmed | Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives |
title_short | Siderophore-Based Molecular Imaging of Fungal and Bacterial Infections—Current Status and Future Perspectives |
title_sort | siderophore-based molecular imaging of fungal and bacterial infections—current status and future perspectives |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345832/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32485852 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6020073 |
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