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The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground

Ending the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030 requires two key actions: rapid diagnosis and effective treatment of active TB and identification and treatment of latent TB infection to prevent progression to active disease. We introduce this perspective by documenting the growing importance of TB pre...

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Autores principales: Harries, Anthony D., Kumar, Ajay M.V., Satyanarayana, Srinath, Thekkur, Pruthu, Lin, Yan, Dlodlo, Riitta A., Khogali, Mohammed, Zachariah, Rony
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345898/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32316300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5020061
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author Harries, Anthony D.
Kumar, Ajay M.V.
Satyanarayana, Srinath
Thekkur, Pruthu
Lin, Yan
Dlodlo, Riitta A.
Khogali, Mohammed
Zachariah, Rony
author_facet Harries, Anthony D.
Kumar, Ajay M.V.
Satyanarayana, Srinath
Thekkur, Pruthu
Lin, Yan
Dlodlo, Riitta A.
Khogali, Mohammed
Zachariah, Rony
author_sort Harries, Anthony D.
collection PubMed
description Ending the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030 requires two key actions: rapid diagnosis and effective treatment of active TB and identification and treatment of latent TB infection to prevent progression to active disease. We introduce this perspective by documenting the growing importance of TB preventive therapy on the international agenda coupled with global data showing poor implementation of preventive activities in programmatic settings. We follow this with two principal objectives. The first is to examine implementation challenges around diagnosis and treatment of active TB. Within this, we include recent evidence about the continued morbidity and heightened mortality that persists after TB treatment is successfully completed, thus elevating the importance of TB preventive therapy. The second objective is to outline how current TB preventive therapy activities have been shaped and are managed and propose how these can be improved through research and innovation. This includes expanding and giving higher priority to certain high-risk groups including those with fibrotic lung lesions on chest X-ray, showcasing the need to develop and deploy new biomarkers to more accurately predict risk of disease and making shorter treatment regimens, especially with rifapentine-isoniazid, more user-friendly and widely available. Ending the TB epidemic requires not only cure of the disease but preventing it before it even begins.
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spelling pubmed-73458982020-07-09 The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground Harries, Anthony D. Kumar, Ajay M.V. Satyanarayana, Srinath Thekkur, Pruthu Lin, Yan Dlodlo, Riitta A. Khogali, Mohammed Zachariah, Rony Trop Med Infect Dis Perspective Ending the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030 requires two key actions: rapid diagnosis and effective treatment of active TB and identification and treatment of latent TB infection to prevent progression to active disease. We introduce this perspective by documenting the growing importance of TB preventive therapy on the international agenda coupled with global data showing poor implementation of preventive activities in programmatic settings. We follow this with two principal objectives. The first is to examine implementation challenges around diagnosis and treatment of active TB. Within this, we include recent evidence about the continued morbidity and heightened mortality that persists after TB treatment is successfully completed, thus elevating the importance of TB preventive therapy. The second objective is to outline how current TB preventive therapy activities have been shaped and are managed and propose how these can be improved through research and innovation. This includes expanding and giving higher priority to certain high-risk groups including those with fibrotic lung lesions on chest X-ray, showcasing the need to develop and deploy new biomarkers to more accurately predict risk of disease and making shorter treatment regimens, especially with rifapentine-isoniazid, more user-friendly and widely available. Ending the TB epidemic requires not only cure of the disease but preventing it before it even begins. MDPI 2020-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7345898/ /pubmed/32316300 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5020061 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Perspective
Harries, Anthony D.
Kumar, Ajay M.V.
Satyanarayana, Srinath
Thekkur, Pruthu
Lin, Yan
Dlodlo, Riitta A.
Khogali, Mohammed
Zachariah, Rony
The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
title The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
title_full The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
title_fullStr The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
title_full_unstemmed The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
title_short The Growing Importance of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy and How Research and Innovation Can Enhance Its Implementation on the Ground
title_sort growing importance of tuberculosis preventive therapy and how research and innovation can enhance its implementation on the ground
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345898/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32316300
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5020061
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