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Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors
Axon growth inhibitors generated by reactive glial scars play an important role in failure of axon regeneration after CNS injury in mature mammals. Among the inhibitory factors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are potent suppressors of axon regeneration and are important molecular targets...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7346763/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32714150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00174 |
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author | Sami, Armin Selzer, Michael E. Li, Shuxin |
author_facet | Sami, Armin Selzer, Michael E. Li, Shuxin |
author_sort | Sami, Armin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Axon growth inhibitors generated by reactive glial scars play an important role in failure of axon regeneration after CNS injury in mature mammals. Among the inhibitory factors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are potent suppressors of axon regeneration and are important molecular targets for designing effective therapies for traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury (SCI). CSPGs bind with high affinity to several transmembrane receptors, including two members of the leukocyte common antigen related (LAR) subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs). Recent studies demonstrate that multiple intracellular signaling pathways downstream of these two RPTPs mediate the growth-inhibitory actions of CSPGs. A better understanding of these signaling pathways may facilitate development of new and effective therapies for CNS disorders characterized by axonal disconnections. This review will focus on recent advances in the downstream signaling pathways of scar-mediated inhibition and their potential as the molecular targets for CNS repair. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7346763 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73467632020-07-24 Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors Sami, Armin Selzer, Michael E. Li, Shuxin Front Cell Neurosci Cellular Neuroscience Axon growth inhibitors generated by reactive glial scars play an important role in failure of axon regeneration after CNS injury in mature mammals. Among the inhibitory factors, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are potent suppressors of axon regeneration and are important molecular targets for designing effective therapies for traumatic brain injury or spinal cord injury (SCI). CSPGs bind with high affinity to several transmembrane receptors, including two members of the leukocyte common antigen related (LAR) subfamily of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs). Recent studies demonstrate that multiple intracellular signaling pathways downstream of these two RPTPs mediate the growth-inhibitory actions of CSPGs. A better understanding of these signaling pathways may facilitate development of new and effective therapies for CNS disorders characterized by axonal disconnections. This review will focus on recent advances in the downstream signaling pathways of scar-mediated inhibition and their potential as the molecular targets for CNS repair. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-07-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7346763/ /pubmed/32714150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00174 Text en Copyright © 2020 Sami, Selzer and Li. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Cellular Neuroscience Sami, Armin Selzer, Michael E. Li, Shuxin Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors |
title | Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors |
title_full | Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors |
title_fullStr | Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors |
title_full_unstemmed | Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors |
title_short | Advances in the Signaling Pathways Downstream of Glial-Scar Axon Growth Inhibitors |
title_sort | advances in the signaling pathways downstream of glial-scar axon growth inhibitors |
topic | Cellular Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7346763/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32714150 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00174 |
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