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Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana

Adaptation of weeds to water stress could result in the broader distribution, and make weed control task increasingly difficult. Therefore, a clear understanding of the biology of weeds under water stress could assist in the development of sustainable weed management strategies. Avena fatua (wild oa...

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Autores principales: Sahil, Mahajan, Gulshan, Loura, Deepak, Raymont, Katherine, Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7347134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32645027
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234648
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author Sahil,
Mahajan, Gulshan
Loura, Deepak
Raymont, Katherine
Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh
author_facet Sahil,
Mahajan, Gulshan
Loura, Deepak
Raymont, Katherine
Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh
author_sort Sahil,
collection PubMed
description Adaptation of weeds to water stress could result in the broader distribution, and make weed control task increasingly difficult. Therefore, a clear understanding of the biology of weeds under water stress could assist in the development of sustainable weed management strategies. Avena fatua (wild oat) and A. ludoviciana (sterile oat) are problematic weeds in Australian winter crops. The objectives of this study were to determine the growth and reproductive behaviour of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana at different soil moisture levels [20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% water holding capacity (WHC)]. Results revealed that A. fatua did not survive and failed to produce seeds at 20 and 40% WHC. However, A. ludoviciana survived at 40% WHC and produced 54 seeds plant(-1). A. fatua produced a higher number of seeds per plant than A. ludoviciana at 80 (474 vs 406 seeds plant(-1)) and 100% WHC (480 vs 417 seeds plant(-1)). Seed production for both species remained similar at 80 and 100% WHC; however, higher than 60% WHC. Seed production of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana was 235 and 282 seeds plant(-1), respectively, at 60% WHC. The 60% WHC reduced seed production of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana by 51 and 32% respectively, compared to 100% WHC. The plant height, leaf weight, stem weight, and root weight per plant of A. fatua at 60% WHC reduced by 45, 27, 32, and 59%, respectively, as compared with 100% WHC. Similarly, the plant height, leaf weight, stem weight, and root weight per plant of A. ludoviciana at 60% WHC reduced by 45, 35, 47 and 76%, respectively, as compared with 100% WHC. Results indicate that A. ludoviciana can survive and produce seeds at 40% of WHC, indicating the adaptation of the species to dryland conditions. The results also suggest that A. ludoviciana is likely to be robust under water stress conditions, potentially reducing crop yield. The ability of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana to produce seeds under water-stressed conditions (60% WHC) necessitates integrated weed management strategies that suppress these weeds whilst taking into account the efficient utilization of stored moisture for winter crops.
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spelling pubmed-73471342020-07-20 Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana Sahil, Mahajan, Gulshan Loura, Deepak Raymont, Katherine Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh PLoS One Research Article Adaptation of weeds to water stress could result in the broader distribution, and make weed control task increasingly difficult. Therefore, a clear understanding of the biology of weeds under water stress could assist in the development of sustainable weed management strategies. Avena fatua (wild oat) and A. ludoviciana (sterile oat) are problematic weeds in Australian winter crops. The objectives of this study were to determine the growth and reproductive behaviour of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana at different soil moisture levels [20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% water holding capacity (WHC)]. Results revealed that A. fatua did not survive and failed to produce seeds at 20 and 40% WHC. However, A. ludoviciana survived at 40% WHC and produced 54 seeds plant(-1). A. fatua produced a higher number of seeds per plant than A. ludoviciana at 80 (474 vs 406 seeds plant(-1)) and 100% WHC (480 vs 417 seeds plant(-1)). Seed production for both species remained similar at 80 and 100% WHC; however, higher than 60% WHC. Seed production of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana was 235 and 282 seeds plant(-1), respectively, at 60% WHC. The 60% WHC reduced seed production of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana by 51 and 32% respectively, compared to 100% WHC. The plant height, leaf weight, stem weight, and root weight per plant of A. fatua at 60% WHC reduced by 45, 27, 32, and 59%, respectively, as compared with 100% WHC. Similarly, the plant height, leaf weight, stem weight, and root weight per plant of A. ludoviciana at 60% WHC reduced by 45, 35, 47 and 76%, respectively, as compared with 100% WHC. Results indicate that A. ludoviciana can survive and produce seeds at 40% of WHC, indicating the adaptation of the species to dryland conditions. The results also suggest that A. ludoviciana is likely to be robust under water stress conditions, potentially reducing crop yield. The ability of A. fatua and A. ludoviciana to produce seeds under water-stressed conditions (60% WHC) necessitates integrated weed management strategies that suppress these weeds whilst taking into account the efficient utilization of stored moisture for winter crops. Public Library of Science 2020-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7347134/ /pubmed/32645027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234648 Text en © 2020 Sahil et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sahil,
Mahajan, Gulshan
Loura, Deepak
Raymont, Katherine
Chauhan, Bhagirath Singh
Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana
title Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana
title_full Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana
title_fullStr Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana
title_full_unstemmed Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana
title_short Influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of Avena fatua and Avena ludoviciana
title_sort influence of soil moisture levels on the growth and reproductive behaviour of avena fatua and avena ludoviciana
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7347134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32645027
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234648
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