慢性中性粒细胞白血病合并多发性骨髓瘤二例报告并文献复习

OBJECTIVE: To explored the diagnosis and treatment of chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) complicated with multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: The clinical features and molecular biological characteristics of 2 patients with CNL complicated with MM were summarized, and the diagnosis and treatment of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The diagnosis of CNL complicated with MM was established in 2 cases. Case 1 had CSF3R mutation (P733T), but CSF3R-exon 14 mutation and SETBP1 mutation were all negative. The neutrophil count returned to normal when MM was successfully treated in case 1. When the patient relapsed, neutrophil count increased again. CONCLUSION: Coexistence of CNL and MM is rare. CSF3R is a very important molecular marker for CNL. To the best of our knowledge, it's the first time to report the coexistence of CNL and MM carried CSF3R mutation (P733T). Chemotherapy regimens for MM may be effective in the treatment of CNL complicated with MM.