Monitoring for Rare Events in a Wireless Powered Communication mmWave Sensor Network

The use of a wireless sensor network to monitor an area of interest for possible hazardous events has become a common practice. The difficulty of replacing or recharging sensor batteries dictates the use of energy harvesting as a means to extend the network’s lifetime. To this end, energy beamforming is used in a millimeter wave wireless power sensor network with randomly deployed nodes. A simple protocol is proposed that allows nodes to report their charging conditions in an effort to select efficient energy-beamforming strategies. Analytical expressions for the probability of successful information reception and successful reporting are provided for two benchmark schemes: the random and the circular energy-beamforming scheme. A Markov chain is used for the former to model the energy level of sensor nodes. Simple sector selection strategies are presented and their performance, in terms of delay and failure information delivery, is assessed through simulations.