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Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is considered to be the leading non-traumatic cause of neurological disability in young adults. Current treatments for MS comprise long-term immunosuppressant drugs and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) designed to a...

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Autores principales: Kammona, Olga, Kiparissides, Costas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060333
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author Kammona, Olga
Kiparissides, Costas
author_facet Kammona, Olga
Kiparissides, Costas
author_sort Kammona, Olga
collection PubMed
description Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is considered to be the leading non-traumatic cause of neurological disability in young adults. Current treatments for MS comprise long-term immunosuppressant drugs and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) designed to alter its progress with the enhanced risk of severe side effects. The Holy Grail for the treatment of MS is to specifically suppress the disease while at the same time allow the immune system to be functionally active against infectious diseases and malignancy. This could be achieved via the development of immunotherapies designed to specifically suppress immune responses to self-antigens (e.g., myelin antigens). The present study attempts to highlight the various antigen-specific immunotherapies developed so far for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (e.g., vaccination with myelin-derived peptides/proteins, plasmid DNA encoding myelin epitopes, tolerogenic dendritic cells pulsed with encephalitogenic epitopes of myelin proteins, attenuated autologous T cells specific for myelin antigens, T cell receptor peptides, carriers loaded/conjugated with myelin immunodominant peptides, etc.), focusing on the outcome of their recent preclinical and clinical evaluation, and to shed light on the mechanisms involved in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis.
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spelling pubmed-73487362020-07-20 Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Kammona, Olga Kiparissides, Costas Brain Sci Review Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is considered to be the leading non-traumatic cause of neurological disability in young adults. Current treatments for MS comprise long-term immunosuppressant drugs and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) designed to alter its progress with the enhanced risk of severe side effects. The Holy Grail for the treatment of MS is to specifically suppress the disease while at the same time allow the immune system to be functionally active against infectious diseases and malignancy. This could be achieved via the development of immunotherapies designed to specifically suppress immune responses to self-antigens (e.g., myelin antigens). The present study attempts to highlight the various antigen-specific immunotherapies developed so far for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (e.g., vaccination with myelin-derived peptides/proteins, plasmid DNA encoding myelin epitopes, tolerogenic dendritic cells pulsed with encephalitogenic epitopes of myelin proteins, attenuated autologous T cells specific for myelin antigens, T cell receptor peptides, carriers loaded/conjugated with myelin immunodominant peptides, etc.), focusing on the outcome of their recent preclinical and clinical evaluation, and to shed light on the mechanisms involved in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis. MDPI 2020-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7348736/ /pubmed/32486045 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060333 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kammona, Olga
Kiparissides, Costas
Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
title Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
title_full Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
title_fullStr Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
title_short Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
title_sort recent advances in antigen-specific immunotherapies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348736/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486045
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060333
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