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Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating and first-responding innate myeloid cells and have so far been underestimated in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most frequent, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS is treatable but not curable and its...

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Autores principales: De Bondt, Mirre, Hellings, Niels, Opdenakker, Ghislain, Struyf, Sofie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32604901
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124558
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author De Bondt, Mirre
Hellings, Niels
Opdenakker, Ghislain
Struyf, Sofie
author_facet De Bondt, Mirre
Hellings, Niels
Opdenakker, Ghislain
Struyf, Sofie
author_sort De Bondt, Mirre
collection PubMed
description Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating and first-responding innate myeloid cells and have so far been underestimated in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most frequent, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS is treatable but not curable and its cause(s) and pathogenesis remain elusive. The involvement of neutrophils in MS pathogenesis has been suggested by the use of preclinical animal disease models, as well as on the basis of patient sample analysis. In this review, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms and functions by which neutrophils may contribute to the development and pathology of MS. Neutrophils display a broad variety of effector functions enabling disease pathogenesis, including (1) the release of inflammatory mediators and enzymes, such as interleukin-1β, myeloperoxidase and various proteinases, (2) destruction and phagocytosis of myelin (as debris), (3) release of neutrophil extracellular traps, (4) production of reactive oxygen species, (5) breakdown of the blood–brain barrier and (6) generation and presentation of autoantigens. An important question relates to the issue of whether neutrophils exhibit a predominantly proinflammatory function or are also implicated in the resolution of chronic inflammatory responses in MS.
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spelling pubmed-73490482020-07-22 Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) De Bondt, Mirre Hellings, Niels Opdenakker, Ghislain Struyf, Sofie Int J Mol Sci Review Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating and first-responding innate myeloid cells and have so far been underestimated in the context of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is the most frequent, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS is treatable but not curable and its cause(s) and pathogenesis remain elusive. The involvement of neutrophils in MS pathogenesis has been suggested by the use of preclinical animal disease models, as well as on the basis of patient sample analysis. In this review, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms and functions by which neutrophils may contribute to the development and pathology of MS. Neutrophils display a broad variety of effector functions enabling disease pathogenesis, including (1) the release of inflammatory mediators and enzymes, such as interleukin-1β, myeloperoxidase and various proteinases, (2) destruction and phagocytosis of myelin (as debris), (3) release of neutrophil extracellular traps, (4) production of reactive oxygen species, (5) breakdown of the blood–brain barrier and (6) generation and presentation of autoantigens. An important question relates to the issue of whether neutrophils exhibit a predominantly proinflammatory function or are also implicated in the resolution of chronic inflammatory responses in MS. MDPI 2020-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7349048/ /pubmed/32604901 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124558 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
De Bondt, Mirre
Hellings, Niels
Opdenakker, Ghislain
Struyf, Sofie
Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
title Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
title_full Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
title_fullStr Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
title_full_unstemmed Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
title_short Neutrophils: Underestimated Players in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
title_sort neutrophils: underestimated players in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms)
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349048/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32604901
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124558
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