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Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers

Branch-line couplers (BLCs) are important components of wireless communication systems. Conventional BLCs are often characterized by large footprints which make miniaturization an important pre-requisite for their application in modern devices. State-of-the-art approaches to design compact BLCs are...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Bekasiewicz, Adrian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32586043
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123562
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author Bekasiewicz, Adrian
author_facet Bekasiewicz, Adrian
author_sort Bekasiewicz, Adrian
collection PubMed
description Branch-line couplers (BLCs) are important components of wireless communication systems. Conventional BLCs are often characterized by large footprints which make miniaturization an important pre-requisite for their application in modern devices. State-of-the-art approaches to design compact BLCs are largely based on the use of high-permittivity substrates and multi-layer topologies. Alternative methods involve replacement of transmission-line sections of the circuit, with their composite counterparts, referred to as compact cells (CCs). Due to the efficient use of available space, CC-based couplers are often characterized by small footprints. The design of compact BLCs is normally conducted based on engineering experience. The process is laborious and requires many adjustments of topology followed by manual or, semi-automatic tuning of design parameters. In this work, a framework for low-cost automated design of compact BLCs using pre-defined CCs is proposed. The low cost of the presented design technique is ensured using equivalent-circuit models, space mapping correction methods, and trust-region-based local optimization algorithms. The performance of the framework is demonstrated based on three examples, concerning the design of unequal-power split coupler, comparison of automatically generated compact BLCs, as well as rapid re-design of the coupler for different substrates. Furthermore, the approach has been benchmarked against the state-of-the-art methods for low-cost design of circuits.
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spelling pubmed-73490932020-07-22 Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers Bekasiewicz, Adrian Sensors (Basel) Article Branch-line couplers (BLCs) are important components of wireless communication systems. Conventional BLCs are often characterized by large footprints which make miniaturization an important pre-requisite for their application in modern devices. State-of-the-art approaches to design compact BLCs are largely based on the use of high-permittivity substrates and multi-layer topologies. Alternative methods involve replacement of transmission-line sections of the circuit, with their composite counterparts, referred to as compact cells (CCs). Due to the efficient use of available space, CC-based couplers are often characterized by small footprints. The design of compact BLCs is normally conducted based on engineering experience. The process is laborious and requires many adjustments of topology followed by manual or, semi-automatic tuning of design parameters. In this work, a framework for low-cost automated design of compact BLCs using pre-defined CCs is proposed. The low cost of the presented design technique is ensured using equivalent-circuit models, space mapping correction methods, and trust-region-based local optimization algorithms. The performance of the framework is demonstrated based on three examples, concerning the design of unequal-power split coupler, comparison of automatically generated compact BLCs, as well as rapid re-design of the coupler for different substrates. Furthermore, the approach has been benchmarked against the state-of-the-art methods for low-cost design of circuits. MDPI 2020-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7349093/ /pubmed/32586043 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123562 Text en © 2020 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bekasiewicz, Adrian
Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers
title Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers
title_full Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers
title_fullStr Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers
title_full_unstemmed Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers
title_short Low-Cost Automated Design of Compact Branch-Line Couplers
title_sort low-cost automated design of compact branch-line couplers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349093/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32586043
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123562
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