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Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)

Since the citrus flatid planthopper, Metcalfa pruinosa (Say), was introduced in Korea and many European countries, it has caused serious damage to various agricultural crops and landscape plants. Metcalfa pruinosa hibernates as eggs beneath the bark and in cracks of tree branches, and then substanti...

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Autores principales: Kim, Min-Jung, Baek, Sunghoon, Lee, Joon-Ho
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32503226
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060345
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author Kim, Min-Jung
Baek, Sunghoon
Lee, Joon-Ho
author_facet Kim, Min-Jung
Baek, Sunghoon
Lee, Joon-Ho
author_sort Kim, Min-Jung
collection PubMed
description Since the citrus flatid planthopper, Metcalfa pruinosa (Say), was introduced in Korea and many European countries, it has caused serious damage to various agricultural crops and landscape plants. Metcalfa pruinosa hibernates as eggs beneath the bark and in cracks of tree branches, and then substantial numbers of the first instar nymphs fall from the trees and move to other host plants. Knowing the timing of egg hatching and falling of the first instar nymphs would be key for controlling M. pruinosa. In this study, the hatching of overwintered M. pruinosa eggs and falling of the first instar nymphs from trees were monitored in several areas of Korea. These data were modeled with two starting points for degree-day accumulation, 1 January and 18 March, with a lower development threshold of 10.1 °C. The egg hatching and first instar falling models both used 1 January because the starting point performed better. The 50% appearance and falling times of the first instar nymphs were predicted to be 360.50 DD and 452.23 DD from 1 January, respectively, indicating that newly hatched nymphs stayed on the trees for about a week (i.e., 91.74 DD). Using these models, changes in the population density of the first instar nymphs of M. pruinosa on the trees were simulated, and the optimal control time range targeting the nymphs on the trees was deduced. The control time for nymphs on ground plants bordering the trees was suggested by the first instar falling model, along with observations of population density on the ground plants.
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spelling pubmed-73492112020-07-22 Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae) Kim, Min-Jung Baek, Sunghoon Lee, Joon-Ho Insects Article Since the citrus flatid planthopper, Metcalfa pruinosa (Say), was introduced in Korea and many European countries, it has caused serious damage to various agricultural crops and landscape plants. Metcalfa pruinosa hibernates as eggs beneath the bark and in cracks of tree branches, and then substantial numbers of the first instar nymphs fall from the trees and move to other host plants. Knowing the timing of egg hatching and falling of the first instar nymphs would be key for controlling M. pruinosa. In this study, the hatching of overwintered M. pruinosa eggs and falling of the first instar nymphs from trees were monitored in several areas of Korea. These data were modeled with two starting points for degree-day accumulation, 1 January and 18 March, with a lower development threshold of 10.1 °C. The egg hatching and first instar falling models both used 1 January because the starting point performed better. The 50% appearance and falling times of the first instar nymphs were predicted to be 360.50 DD and 452.23 DD from 1 January, respectively, indicating that newly hatched nymphs stayed on the trees for about a week (i.e., 91.74 DD). Using these models, changes in the population density of the first instar nymphs of M. pruinosa on the trees were simulated, and the optimal control time range targeting the nymphs on the trees was deduced. The control time for nymphs on ground plants bordering the trees was suggested by the first instar falling model, along with observations of population density on the ground plants. MDPI 2020-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7349211/ /pubmed/32503226 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060345 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kim, Min-Jung
Baek, Sunghoon
Lee, Joon-Ho
Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)
title Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)
title_full Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)
title_fullStr Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)
title_full_unstemmed Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)
title_short Egg Hatching and First Instar Falling Models of Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera: Flatidae)
title_sort egg hatching and first instar falling models of metcalfa pruinosa (hemiptera: flatidae)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32503226
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060345
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