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An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses
Novel coat colour phenotypes often emerge during domestication, and there is strong evidence of genetic selection for the two main genes that control base coat colour in horses—ASIP and MC1R. These genes direct the type of pigment produced, red pheomelanin (MC1R) or black eumelanin (ASIP), as well a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349280/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486210 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11060606 |
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author | Corbin, Laura J. Pope, Jessica Sanson, Jacqueline Antczak, Douglas F. Miller, Donald Sadeghi, Raheleh Brooks, Samantha A. |
author_facet | Corbin, Laura J. Pope, Jessica Sanson, Jacqueline Antczak, Douglas F. Miller, Donald Sadeghi, Raheleh Brooks, Samantha A. |
author_sort | Corbin, Laura J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Novel coat colour phenotypes often emerge during domestication, and there is strong evidence of genetic selection for the two main genes that control base coat colour in horses—ASIP and MC1R. These genes direct the type of pigment produced, red pheomelanin (MC1R) or black eumelanin (ASIP), as well as the relative concentration and the temporal–spatial distribution of melanin pigment deposits in the skin and hair coat. Here, we describe a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genic regions involved in the determination of the shade of bay. In total, 126 horses from five different breeds were ranked according to the extent of the distribution of eumelanin: spanning variation in phenotype from black colour restricted only to the extremities to the presence of some black pigment across nearly all the body surface. We identified a single region associated with the shade of bay ranking spanning approximately 0.5 MB on ECA22, just upstream of the ASIP gene (p = 9.76 × 10(−15)). This candidate region encompasses the distal 5′ end of the ASIP transcript (as predicted from other species) as well as the RALY gene. Both loci are viable candidates based on the presence of similar alleles in other species. These results contribute to the growing understanding of coat colour genetics in the horse and to the mapping of genetic determinants of pigmentation on a molecular level. Given pleiotropic phenotypes in behaviour and obesity for ASIP alleles, especially those in the 5′ regulatory region, improved understanding of this new Shade allele may have implications for health management in the horse. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7349280 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73492802020-07-22 An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses Corbin, Laura J. Pope, Jessica Sanson, Jacqueline Antczak, Douglas F. Miller, Donald Sadeghi, Raheleh Brooks, Samantha A. Genes (Basel) Article Novel coat colour phenotypes often emerge during domestication, and there is strong evidence of genetic selection for the two main genes that control base coat colour in horses—ASIP and MC1R. These genes direct the type of pigment produced, red pheomelanin (MC1R) or black eumelanin (ASIP), as well as the relative concentration and the temporal–spatial distribution of melanin pigment deposits in the skin and hair coat. Here, we describe a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genic regions involved in the determination of the shade of bay. In total, 126 horses from five different breeds were ranked according to the extent of the distribution of eumelanin: spanning variation in phenotype from black colour restricted only to the extremities to the presence of some black pigment across nearly all the body surface. We identified a single region associated with the shade of bay ranking spanning approximately 0.5 MB on ECA22, just upstream of the ASIP gene (p = 9.76 × 10(−15)). This candidate region encompasses the distal 5′ end of the ASIP transcript (as predicted from other species) as well as the RALY gene. Both loci are viable candidates based on the presence of similar alleles in other species. These results contribute to the growing understanding of coat colour genetics in the horse and to the mapping of genetic determinants of pigmentation on a molecular level. Given pleiotropic phenotypes in behaviour and obesity for ASIP alleles, especially those in the 5′ regulatory region, improved understanding of this new Shade allele may have implications for health management in the horse. MDPI 2020-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7349280/ /pubmed/32486210 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11060606 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Corbin, Laura J. Pope, Jessica Sanson, Jacqueline Antczak, Douglas F. Miller, Donald Sadeghi, Raheleh Brooks, Samantha A. An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses |
title | An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses |
title_full | An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses |
title_fullStr | An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses |
title_full_unstemmed | An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses |
title_short | An Independent Locus Upstream of ASIP Controls Variation in the Shade of the Bay Coat Colour in Horses |
title_sort | independent locus upstream of asip controls variation in the shade of the bay coat colour in horses |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349280/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486210 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11060606 |
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