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Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration
Ceramide and sphingosine are important interconvertible sphingolipid metabolites which govern various signaling pathways related to different aspects of cell survival and senescence. The conversion of ceramide into sphingosine is mediated by ceramidases. Altogether, five human ceramidases—named acid...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349419/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32498325 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9061379 |
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author | Duarte, Carolina Akkaoui, Juliet Yamada, Chiaki Ho, Anny Mao, Cungui Movila, Alexandru |
author_facet | Duarte, Carolina Akkaoui, Juliet Yamada, Chiaki Ho, Anny Mao, Cungui Movila, Alexandru |
author_sort | Duarte, Carolina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Ceramide and sphingosine are important interconvertible sphingolipid metabolites which govern various signaling pathways related to different aspects of cell survival and senescence. The conversion of ceramide into sphingosine is mediated by ceramidases. Altogether, five human ceramidases—named acid ceramidase, neutral ceramidase, alkaline ceramidase 1, alkaline ceramidase 2, and alkaline ceramidase 3—have been identified as having maximal activities in acidic, neutral, and alkaline environments, respectively. All five ceramidases have received increased attention for their implications in various diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and Farber disease. Furthermore, the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of ceramidases in host cells exposed to pathogenic bacteria and viruses have also been demonstrated. While ceramidases have been a subject of study in recent decades, our knowledge of their pathophysiology remains limited. Thus, this review provides a critical evaluation and interpretive analysis of existing literature on the role of acid, neutral, and alkaline ceramidases in relation to human health and various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and infectious diseases. In addition, the essential impact of ceramidases on tissue regeneration, as well as their usefulness in enzyme replacement therapy, is also discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7349419 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73494192020-07-14 Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration Duarte, Carolina Akkaoui, Juliet Yamada, Chiaki Ho, Anny Mao, Cungui Movila, Alexandru Cells Review Ceramide and sphingosine are important interconvertible sphingolipid metabolites which govern various signaling pathways related to different aspects of cell survival and senescence. The conversion of ceramide into sphingosine is mediated by ceramidases. Altogether, five human ceramidases—named acid ceramidase, neutral ceramidase, alkaline ceramidase 1, alkaline ceramidase 2, and alkaline ceramidase 3—have been identified as having maximal activities in acidic, neutral, and alkaline environments, respectively. All five ceramidases have received increased attention for their implications in various diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and Farber disease. Furthermore, the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of ceramidases in host cells exposed to pathogenic bacteria and viruses have also been demonstrated. While ceramidases have been a subject of study in recent decades, our knowledge of their pathophysiology remains limited. Thus, this review provides a critical evaluation and interpretive analysis of existing literature on the role of acid, neutral, and alkaline ceramidases in relation to human health and various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and infectious diseases. In addition, the essential impact of ceramidases on tissue regeneration, as well as their usefulness in enzyme replacement therapy, is also discussed. MDPI 2020-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7349419/ /pubmed/32498325 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9061379 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Duarte, Carolina Akkaoui, Juliet Yamada, Chiaki Ho, Anny Mao, Cungui Movila, Alexandru Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration |
title | Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration |
title_full | Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration |
title_fullStr | Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration |
title_full_unstemmed | Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration |
title_short | Elusive Roles of the Different Ceramidases in Human Health, Pathophysiology, and Tissue Regeneration |
title_sort | elusive roles of the different ceramidases in human health, pathophysiology, and tissue regeneration |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349419/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32498325 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9061379 |
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