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Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity
RNA granules and exosomes produced by tumour cells under various stresses in the microenvironment act as critical determinants of cell survival by promoting angiogenesis, cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and immunosuppression. Meanwhile, developmental cancer/testis (CT) antigens that are normally...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349635/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020172 |
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author | Kothandan, Vinoth Kumar Kothandan, Sangeetha Kim, Do Hee Byun, Youngro Lee, Yong-kyu Park, In-Kyu Hwang, Seung Rim |
author_facet | Kothandan, Vinoth Kumar Kothandan, Sangeetha Kim, Do Hee Byun, Youngro Lee, Yong-kyu Park, In-Kyu Hwang, Seung Rim |
author_sort | Kothandan, Vinoth Kumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | RNA granules and exosomes produced by tumour cells under various stresses in the microenvironment act as critical determinants of cell survival by promoting angiogenesis, cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and immunosuppression. Meanwhile, developmental cancer/testis (CT) antigens that are normally sequestered in male germ cells of the testes, but which are overexpressed in malignant tumour cells, can function as tumour antigens triggering immune responses. As CT antigens are potential vaccine candidates for use in cancer immunotherapy, they could be targeted together with crosstalk between stress granules, exosomes, and immune cells for a synergistic effect. In this review, we describe the effects of exosomes and exosomal components presented to the recipient cells under different types of stresses on immune cells and cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss their significance for cancer immunity, as well as the outlook for their future application. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7349635 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73496352020-07-15 Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity Kothandan, Vinoth Kumar Kothandan, Sangeetha Kim, Do Hee Byun, Youngro Lee, Yong-kyu Park, In-Kyu Hwang, Seung Rim Vaccines (Basel) Review RNA granules and exosomes produced by tumour cells under various stresses in the microenvironment act as critical determinants of cell survival by promoting angiogenesis, cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and immunosuppression. Meanwhile, developmental cancer/testis (CT) antigens that are normally sequestered in male germ cells of the testes, but which are overexpressed in malignant tumour cells, can function as tumour antigens triggering immune responses. As CT antigens are potential vaccine candidates for use in cancer immunotherapy, they could be targeted together with crosstalk between stress granules, exosomes, and immune cells for a synergistic effect. In this review, we describe the effects of exosomes and exosomal components presented to the recipient cells under different types of stresses on immune cells and cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss their significance for cancer immunity, as well as the outlook for their future application. MDPI 2020-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC7349635/ /pubmed/32276342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020172 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kothandan, Vinoth Kumar Kothandan, Sangeetha Kim, Do Hee Byun, Youngro Lee, Yong-kyu Park, In-Kyu Hwang, Seung Rim Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity |
title | Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity |
title_full | Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity |
title_fullStr | Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity |
title_full_unstemmed | Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity |
title_short | Crosstalk between Stress Granules, Exosomes, Tumour Antigens, and Immune Cells: Significance for Cancer Immunity |
title_sort | crosstalk between stress granules, exosomes, tumour antigens, and immune cells: significance for cancer immunity |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7349635/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32276342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020172 |
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