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Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Onchocerciasis is diagnosed by detecting microfilariae in skin snips or by detecting OV16 IgG4 antibodies in blood by either enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Here, we compare the sensitivity and specificity of these three tests in persons with epilepsy livi...

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Autores principales: Hotterbeekx, An, Perneel, Jolien, Mandro, Michel, Abhafule, Germain, Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson, Dusabimana, Alfred, Abrams, Steven, Kumar-Singh, Samir, Colebunders, Robert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7350314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32498284
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060435
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author Hotterbeekx, An
Perneel, Jolien
Mandro, Michel
Abhafule, Germain
Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson
Dusabimana, Alfred
Abrams, Steven
Kumar-Singh, Samir
Colebunders, Robert
author_facet Hotterbeekx, An
Perneel, Jolien
Mandro, Michel
Abhafule, Germain
Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson
Dusabimana, Alfred
Abrams, Steven
Kumar-Singh, Samir
Colebunders, Robert
author_sort Hotterbeekx, An
collection PubMed
description Onchocerciasis is diagnosed by detecting microfilariae in skin snips or by detecting OV16 IgG4 antibodies in blood by either enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Here, we compare the sensitivity and specificity of these three tests in persons with epilepsy living in an onchocerciasis endemic region in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Skin snips and blood samples were collected from 285 individuals for onchocerciasis diagnosis. Three tests were performed: the OV16 RDT (SD Bioline) and the OV16 ELISA both on serum samples, and microscopic detection of microfilariae in skin snips. The sensitivity and specificity of each test was calculated with the combined other tests as a reference. Microfilariae were present in 105 (36.8%) individuals, with a median of 18.5 (6.5–72.0) microfilariae/skin snip. The OV16 RDT and OV16 ELISA were positive in, respectively, 112 (39.3%) and 143 (50.2%) individuals. The OV16 ELISA had the highest sensitivity among the three tests (83%), followed by the OV16 RDT (74.8%) and the skin snip (71.4%). The OV16 RDT had a higher specificity (98.6%) compared to the OV16 ELISA (84.8%). Our study confirms the need to develop more sensitive tests to ensure the accurate detection of ongoing transmission before stopping elimination efforts.
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spelling pubmed-73503142020-07-15 Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo Hotterbeekx, An Perneel, Jolien Mandro, Michel Abhafule, Germain Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson Dusabimana, Alfred Abrams, Steven Kumar-Singh, Samir Colebunders, Robert Pathogens Article Onchocerciasis is diagnosed by detecting microfilariae in skin snips or by detecting OV16 IgG4 antibodies in blood by either enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Here, we compare the sensitivity and specificity of these three tests in persons with epilepsy living in an onchocerciasis endemic region in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Skin snips and blood samples were collected from 285 individuals for onchocerciasis diagnosis. Three tests were performed: the OV16 RDT (SD Bioline) and the OV16 ELISA both on serum samples, and microscopic detection of microfilariae in skin snips. The sensitivity and specificity of each test was calculated with the combined other tests as a reference. Microfilariae were present in 105 (36.8%) individuals, with a median of 18.5 (6.5–72.0) microfilariae/skin snip. The OV16 RDT and OV16 ELISA were positive in, respectively, 112 (39.3%) and 143 (50.2%) individuals. The OV16 ELISA had the highest sensitivity among the three tests (83%), followed by the OV16 RDT (74.8%) and the skin snip (71.4%). The OV16 RDT had a higher specificity (98.6%) compared to the OV16 ELISA (84.8%). Our study confirms the need to develop more sensitive tests to ensure the accurate detection of ongoing transmission before stopping elimination efforts. MDPI 2020-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7350314/ /pubmed/32498284 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060435 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hotterbeekx, An
Perneel, Jolien
Mandro, Michel
Abhafule, Germain
Siewe Fodjo, Joseph Nelson
Dusabimana, Alfred
Abrams, Steven
Kumar-Singh, Samir
Colebunders, Robert
Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo
title Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_full Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_fullStr Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_short Comparison of Diagnostic Tests for Onchocerca volvulus in the Democratic Republic of Congo
title_sort comparison of diagnostic tests for onchocerca volvulus in the democratic republic of congo
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7350314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32498284
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060435
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